SMOKING “A POPULAR CONTROVERSY”

SMOKING

WHAT DO YOU KNOW? Is smoking good? Bad? What are carcinogens? What causes people to keep smoking? What causes people to try smoking? What are long term effects of smoking?

DEFINITIONS Addictive Drug: a substance that causes a physiological or psychological dependence. Nicotine: the addictive drug found in tobacco leaves. Stimulant: a drug that increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs. Carcinogen: a cancer-causing substance. Tar: a thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco burns.

DEFINITIONS (CONT’D) Carbon Monoxide: a colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas. Smokeless Tobacco: tobacco that is sniffed through the nose, held in the mouth, or chewed. Leukoplakia: thickened, white, leathery-looking spots on the inside of the mouth that can develop into oral cancer. Cessation: temporary or complete stopping. Tobacco Cessation Program: a course that provides information and help to people who want to stop using tobacco.

DEFINITIONS (CONT’D) Nicotine Withdrawal: the process that occurs in the body when nicotine, an addictive drug, is no longer used. Nicotine Substitutes: products that deliver small amounts of nicotine into the user’s system while he or she is trying to give up the tobacco habit. Mainstream Smoke: smoke exhaled from the lungs of a smoker. Sidestream Smoke: smoke from the burning end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar. Environmental Tobacco Smoke: air that has been contaminated by tobacco smoke.

WHY DO PEOPLE SMOKE Myths Believe that smoking will help control their weight or cope with stress. Make other people believe they are more mature and independent. TRUTH Smoking reduces the body’s capacity for physical activity which ends up effecting weight gain. Health problems caused by tobacco use and nicotine dependency may increase the tobacco user’s stress level.

STRATEGIES FOR AVOIDING TOBACCO Surround yourself with positive influences. Being around others who support healthy living values strengthen your resolve. Reduce Peer Pressure. By staying away from situations where tobacco is being used, you reduce the chances of being pressured. Be prepared with refusal skills. Practice how you will react when offered tobacco products.

SHORT TERM EFFECTS Brain Chemistry Changes: causes the body to want more of the drug. Withdrawal symptoms may appear which includes symptoms such as headaches, nervousness, and trembling. Respiration and Heart Rate Increase: breathing becomes difficult and heart rate may be irregular. Taste Buds are dull and appetite is reduced Bad breath, yellowed teeth, and smelly hair, skin, and clothes.

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LONG TERM EFFECTS Chronic Bronchitis: occurs when the cilia in the bronchi become so damaged that they are useless. Leads to buildup of tar in the lungs, causing chronic coughing and excessive mucus secretion. Emphysema: disease that destroys the tiny air sacs in the lungs. Make it more difficult for lungs to absorb oxygen. A person with advanced emphysema uses 80% of their energy just to breathe.

LONG TERM EFFECTS (CONT’D) Lung Cancer: develops when the cilia in the bronchi are destroyed, and extra mucus cannot be expelled. Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke: nicotine constricts blood vessels and contributes to plaque buildup. Weakened Immune System: makes the body more vulnerable to disease.

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SMOKING FACTS (CDC) Tobacco is the leading preventable cause of death. Tobacco use causes more than five million deaths per year. Cigarette smoke is responsible for one in five deaths annually. On average, smokers die ten years earlier than non-smokers. Each day, nearly 4,000 persons under the age of 18 will try their first cigarette. Approximately, 69% of smokers want to quit smoking

SMOKING COSTS Costs to society. Tobacco- related illnesses cost the United States about $167 billion each year. Cost to Individuals. A person smoking one pack of cigarettes a day will spend about $3,561 a year on the habit. Legal Consequences. Selling tobacco products to individuals under the age of 18 is illegal.

TOOLS TO HELP STOP Prepare for the quit day. Set a target date, and stick to it. Get support and encouragement. Tell everyone you know about your plan to quit. Support from family and friends will increase a person’s chance of success. Access professional health services. Seek advice from a doctor and/or join a support group. Replace tobacco use with healthy behaviors QUIT-NOW, free telephone support service.