1. Tobacco

2. Smoking is directly responsible for approximately 90 percent of lung cancer deaths and approximately percent of COPD (emphysema and chronic bronchitis) deaths
About 8.6 million people in the U.S. have at least one serious illness caused by smoking. That means that for every person who dies of a smoking-related disease, there are 20 more people who suffer from at least one serious illness associated with smoking
Facts about smoking

3. More than 16 million Americans are living with a disease caused by smoking
Worldwide, tobacco use causes nearly 6 million deaths per year
Cigarette smoking is responsible for more than 480,000 deaths per year in the United States, including nearly 42,000 deaths from secondhand smoke exposure
Total economic cost of smoking is more than $300 billion a year, including:
Nearly $170 billion in direct medical care for adults5
More than $156 billion in lost productivity due to premature death and exposure to secondhand smoke
Facts about smoking

4. Addictive drug- a substance that causes physiological or psychological dependence
Nicotine is the addictive drug found in tobacco leaves
Nicotine is a stimulant- a drug that increases the action of the CNS, the heart, and other organs
Other affects: raises BP, increases HR, contributes to heart disease and stroke
Nicotine

5. Affects of Tobacco Abuse
Smoke from burning tobacco is toxic and secondhand smoke is a Group A carcinogen
Carcinogen is a cancer-causing substance
Smoking and Cancer from the National Cancer Institute Cigarette smoking causes 87 percent of lung cancer deaths and is responsible for most cancers of the larynx, oral cavity and pharynx, esophagus, and bladder.
Secondhand smoke is responsible for an estimated 3,000 lung cancer deaths among U.S. nonsmokers each year.

6. Tobacco smoke contains thousands of chemical agents, including over 60 substances that are known to cause cancer.
The risk of developing smoking-related cancers, as well as noncancerous diseases, increases with total lifetime exposure to cigarette smoke.
Smoking cessation has major and immediate health benefits, including decreasing the risk of lung and other cancers, heart attack, stroke, and chronic lung disease.
Affects continued

8. Tar- a thick, sticky, dark fluid produced when tobacco burns
Tar destroys structures that line the respiratory tract and protect against infection
Tar destroys alveoli which absorb oxygen
Smokers are susceptible to bronchitis, pneumonia, emphysema, and cancer
Carbon Monoxide- colorless, odorless, poisonous gas; replaces O2 in the blood; increases risk of high BP, heart disease, and hardening of the arteries
Tar & Carbon Monoxide

9. Cigars contain significantly more nicotine and produce more tar and carbon monoxide than cigarettes do
Pipe cigar smokers have an increased risk of developing cancers of the lip, mouth, and throat
Pipes and Cigars

10. Smokeless tobacco
Tobacco that is sniffed through the nose, held in the mouth, or chewed
Contains 28 carcinogens
Delivers 2-3 times the amount of nicotine delivered by a single cigarette
Causes leukoplakia- a thickened, white, leathery-looking spots on the inside of the mouth that can develop into oral cancer

11. Smokeless Tobacco causes Leukoplakia

12. Changes in brain chemistry- addictive properties cause the body to crave more of the drug as soon as 30 minutes after use; headaches, nervousness, trembling
Increased respiration & HR- breathing becomes more difficult; irregular HR
Dulled taste buds & reduced appetite
Bad breath, clothes, hair, and skin smell
Short-term effects

13. Chronic bronchitis- buildup of tar in the lungs causing chronic coughing and excessive mucus secretion
Emphysema- difficult for lungs to absorb oxygen; use up to 80% of your energy to breath
Lung cancer
Coronary heart disease and stroke
Long-term effects

14. Risks for Smokers and Nonsmokers
Both users and nonusers breathe environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), or secondhand smoke, which is air contaminated by tobacco smoke
Mainstream smoke- smoke exhaled from the lungs of a user, contains carcinogens, nicotine, and tar
Secondhand smoke- smoke from the burning end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar, has high concentrations of carcinogens, nicotine, and tar

15. Health Risks of Tobacco

17. Other Consequences Tobacco bring serious consequences for Teens:
Legal- selling tobacco to persons under 18 is illegal
Social- many people find second hand smoke offensive
Financial- use of tobacco products is expensive
Other Consequences

18. Effects of Smoke on Nonsmokers
Environmental Smoke from Cigarettes and Cigars contain:
More than 4000 chemical compounds
43 are identified as carcinogens
Breathing 1st or 2nd hand smoke can cause
Eye irritation, headaches, ear-infections, and coughing
Every year 3000 people are diagnose with lung cancer from 2nd hand smoke
Effects of Smoke on Nonsmokers

21. E-cigarettes are battery operated devices designed to deliver nicotine with flavorings and other chemicals in vapor
More than 250 different e-cigarette brands are currently on the market
E-cigarettes are often promoted as safer alternatives to traditional cigarettes, however little is known about the health risks of using these devices
Testing of some e-cigarette products found the vapor to contain known carcinogens and toxic chemicals (such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde), as well as potentially toxic metal nanoparticles from the vaporizing mechanism
E-cigarettes

22. Only a small dose of liquid nicotine is toxic and can be lethal
less than one tablespoon of many of the e-liquids on the market is enough to kill an adult, and as little as a teaspoon could kill a child
searchers are finding e-cig users experience diminished lung function, airway resistance and cellular changes
Starter kits usually run between $30 and $100; The estimated cost of replacement cartridges is about $600
E-cigarettes