Africa in the Cold War

Sub-Sahara African De-Colonization Ghana (The Gold Coast) – 1957 Kwame Nkrumah leader of Ghana and its predecessor state, the Gold Coast Overseeing the nation's independence from British colonial rule in 1957 The first President and Prime Minister of 20th-century advocate of Pan-Africanism

Sub-Sahara African De-Colonization Ghana (The Gold Coast) – 1957 Kwame Nkrumah Kenya – 1963 European population blocked independence Led to armed revolt Constitution: Queen Elizabeth II, was represented as head of state by a Governor-General of Kenya. provided for a bicameral parliament - the National Assembly Senate and the House of Representatives

Sub-Sahara African De-Colonization Republic of Congo Belgium left behind chaos and civil war Fighting continues…. Early 1900’s White King, Red Rubber, Black Death… The Story of Belgium's King Leopold Years of oppression and brutality… 10 million dead. 1955 - publishes a "30-Year Plan" for granting the Congo increased self-government. 1959 – Belgium begins to lose control over events in the Congo following serious nationalist riots in Leopoldville

Sub-Sahara African De-Colonization Rwanda – 1994 Unrelated ethnic groups fought for power once European power left 100 day genocide - Hutu killed Minority Tutsis…Million Tutsis died

South Africa Colonized government began in 1910 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jgQBoXsxr8w Apartheid – segregation laws Majority black population given no rights 87% of land controlled by British (whites)

South Africa Colonized government began in 1910 Apartheid – segregation laws Majority black population given no rights 87% of land controlled by British (whites) African National Congress (ANC) Organizes resistance to South African government

South Africa Colonized government began in 1910 Apartheid – segregation laws Majority black population given no rights 87% of land controlled by British (whites) African National Congress (ANC) Organizes resistance to South African government United Nations Boycott and economic sanctions

South Africa Colonized government began in 1910 Apartheid – segregation laws Majority black population given no rights 87% of land controlled by British (whites) African National Congress (ANC) Organizes resistance to South African government United Nations Boycott and economic sanctions National Party takes apart Apartheid – 1989 Nelson Mandela released from prison Mandela becomes first freely elected President of South Africa