COMPLEX Sentences

RATIONALE If you use simple, compound, and complex sentences your writing will become more INTERESTING

GOALS Stage 2 – Describe – 1 day Stage 3 – Model – 1 day Stage 4 – Verbal Practice – 1-2 days Stage 5 – Controlled practice and feedback – 5-20 days Stage 6 – Advanced practice, posttest, & feedback – 1-4 days Stage 7 – Make commitments for Generalization – 1 day Stage 8 – Generalization – days Most of you should be able to complete stages 1-7 in 2-3 weeks

What do we call something that has….? 1. a Subject & a Verb 2. and can stand alone INDEPENDENT CLAUSE

What is a SIMPLE sentence? A sentence with ONE independent clause.

INDEPENDENT CLAUSE has a Subject & a Verb and can stand alone

DEPENDENT CLAUSE a group of words including a Subject & a Verb that cannot stand alone

COMPLEX SENTENCE a sentence containing one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses

SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS words that show the relationship of the dependent clause to the independent clause.

DEPENDENT CLAUSE has a SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION Independent and Dependent clauses both have a Subject & a Verb Dependent clauses start with a word that shows the relationship between dependent clause and the independent clause. These “relating” words are called subordinating conjunctions.

SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS afterevenifsincealthougheventhoughsothat as if than in order that though as long as just as unless as soon as like until as though once when because provided whenever before rather than while

SEQUENCING COMPLEX SENTENCES 1) Dependent Clause First (comma needed)  When I get to Phoenix, you will be sleeping. 2) Independent Clause First (comma NOT needed)  You will be sleeping when I get to Phoenix.

COMPLEX SENTENCES I like Sally because she is funny. Find the VERBS. Find the SUBJECTS What would the FORMULA BE? V V S S SV SVSV SV Look at the first part of the sentence. Is this an INDEPENDENT CLAUSE? Look at the second part of the sentence. This is a DEPENDENT CLAUSE because it doesn’t make sense by itself. How are they joined? I D

COMPLEX SENTENCES Kathy will be late for dinner since the meeting is still in progress. Find the VERBS. Find the SUBJECTS What would the FORMULA BE? V V S S SV SVSV SV Look at the first part of the sentence. Is this an INDEPENDENT CLAUSE? Look at the second part of the sentence. This is a DEPENDENT CLAUSE because it doesn’t make sense by itself. Find the SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION I D

COMPLEX SENTENCES The game will end when one team scores. Find the VERBS. Find the SUBJECTS What would the FORMULA BE? V V S S SV SVSV SV Look at the first part of the sentence. Is this an INDEPENDENT CLAUSE? Look at the second part of the sentence. This is a DEPENDENT CLAUSE because it doesn’t make sense by itself. Find the SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION I D

COMPLEX SENTENCES The game will end when one team scores. Find the VERBS. Find the SUBJECTS What would the FORMULA BE? V V S S SV SVSV SV Look at the first part of the sentence. Is this an INDEPENDENT CLAUSE? Look at the second part of the sentence. This is a DEPENDENT CLAUSE because it doesn’t make sense by itself. Find the SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTION I D

SEQUENCING COMPLEX SENTENCES After the players practiced, they went out for a pizza. VS S V Dependent Clause First (comma needed) D, ID, I Find the VERBS Find the SUBJECTS Find the INDEPENDENT CLAUSE Find the Subordinating Conjunction Find the DEPENDENT CLAUSE Which comes first the DEPENDENT CLAUSE or the INDEPENDENT CLAUSE?

SEQUENCING COMPLEX SENTENCES The players went out for a pizza after they practiced. VS S V Independent Clause First (comma NOT needed) IDID Find the VERBS Find the SUBJECTS Find the INDEPENDENT CLAUSE Find the Subordinating Conjunction Find the DEPENDENT CLAUSE Which comes first the DEPENDENT CLAUSE or the INDEPENDENT CLAUSE?

SEQUENCING COMPLEX SENTENCES Until the storm is over, we will not know about the damage. V S S V Find the VERBS Find the SUBJECTS Find the INDEPENDENT CLAUSE Find the Subordinating Conjunction Find the DEPENDENT CLAUSE Which comes first the DEPENDENT CLAUSE or the INDEPENDENT CLAUSE? Dependent Clause First (comma needed) D, ID, I

SEQUENCING COMPLEX SENTENCES We will not know about the damage until the storm is over. V S S V Find the VERBS Find the SUBJECTS Find the INDEPENDENT CLAUSE Find the Subordinating Conjunction Find the DEPENDENT CLAUSE Which comes first the DEPENDENT CLAUSE or the INDEPENDENT CLAUSE? Independent Clause First (comma NOT needed) IDID

SEQUENCING COMPLEX SENTENCES Until the storm is over, we will not know about the damage. V S S V Dependent Clause First (comma needed) D, ID, I Find the VERBS Find the SUBJECTS Find the INDEPENDENT CLAUSE Find the Subordinating Conjunction Find the DEPENDENT CLAUSE Which comes first the DEPENDENT CLAUSE or the INDEPENDENT CLAUSE?

SEQUENCING COMPLEX SENTENCES Comma is needed when the Dependent Clause comes first When I get to Phoenix, you will be sleeping. After the players practiced, they went out for a pizza. Until the storm is over, we will not know about the damage. Comma is NOT needed when the Independent Clause comes first You will be sleeping when I get to Phoenix. The players went out for a pizza after they practiced. We will not know about the damage until the storm is over. D, ID, I IDID

FORMULA CARD

PENS P ick a Formula How many formulas do we have now? 8SVSSVSVVSSVV I,c I I;I D,I ID

GOALS STAGE 2 COMPLETE!

Compound Sentence? What is a a sentence with TWO or more independent clauses

COMPLEX SENTENCE? What is a a sentence containing one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses

Independent clause What is a a group of words with a subject and a verb that can stand alone

DEPENDENT CLAUSE a group of words including a Subject & a Verb that cannot stand alone

SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS words that relate the Dependent clause to the Independent clause.

formulas for Complex Sentences What are the D,I I D

1. VERBAL REVIEW Complete Stage 4 2. QUIZ Complete Stage 5