Spreadsheets and Business Graphics: Facts and Figures Chapter 13

Why Use Spreadsheets?  Plan ahead (What if)  Make the computer do the work  See the results of change

The Nature of Spreadsheets  Use numbers to track performance  Manual  Tedious  Time-consuming  Error-prone  Electronic spreadsheets  Automate  Increase ability to track performance

Electronic Spreadsheets VisiCalc  First electronic spreadsheet program  1979  Apple II microcomputer  Computer becomes an indispensable tool for financial analysis

Electronic Spreadsheets Labor Saving Automatic recalculation  Change one value  All dependent values are recalculated  A single change can affect many calculations

Electronic Spreadsheets Labor Saving “What If” Analysis The process of changing one or more spreadsheet values and observing the resulting calculated effect What if we reduce the price by 5%? What if we buy a home and the mortgage rate increases by.5%?

Working with Spreadsheets  Plan  Create  Edit and proofread  Format  Print  Add graphics  Provide data security – password, protect

Working with Spreadsheets The plan… …The result

 Enter data and calculations  Electronic spreadsheet automatically performs the calculations  Error-free results are displayed on the spreadsheet  Print  Store to be used again

Electronic Spreadsheets Fundamentals  Screen  Window into the spreadsheet  Scroll using mouse or cursor-movement keys  Rows and columns  Row – number  Column – letters

Electronic Spreadsheets Fundamentals  Cell  Junction of a row and column  Cell address (cell reference) – letter and number  Active cell (current cell)  Highlighted with border or reverse video  Can enter or edit data in active cell only

Cell Contents  Label  Descriptive text about entries  Not used for calculations  Value  Number  May be used in calculations

Cell Contents Formula  Calculation instruction  Contains  Cell address  One or more arithmetic operators  Functions  Result appears in the cell containing the formula  Calculation appears in the formula bar

 Pre-programmed formulas  Used in formulas in place of operators  Common  SUM  AVERAGE  COUNT  MIN  MAX

Cell Ranges  Group of one or more adjacent cells occurring in a rectangular shape  Treated as a unit during an operation  Indicate the upper-left and lower-right cells of the block  May be referenced in a formula or function

Formatting Features  Column width  Row height  Headings  Number styles – commas, number of decimals, dollar and percent signs  Appearance of data  Justification  Text font and style

Formatting Features  Decoration  Borders  Color  Clip art  Business graphics  Shows words and numbers in visual form  Quickly and easily understood

Business Graphics  Generate and sustain the interest of an audience  Make a lesson, report, or business document more attractive  Help get a point across  Can reveal a trend that is lost in a column of numbers  Presenter appears more prepared and organized

Business Graphics Analytical graphics View and analyze data Presentation graphics Make a positive impression during a presentation

Help users analyze and understand data Line Bar Pie

Shows trends or cycles over time Axis Plot area Data point Labels Titles

 Comparisons  Rectangular area up to the height of the point being plotted  Easy to absorb

 Proportions Relationship between parts and whole  One time period  Exploded pie chart One wedge pulled slightly away from the pie

 Look like preparation by professional graphic artist  Charts  Graphs  Visual aids  Control the appearance when you create it  Produce graphics faster  Make last-minute changes

Presentation Graphics Business- quality Graphics  Edit and enhance charts created by other programs  Create charts, diagrams, drawing, and text slides  Use clip art  Support animated effects  Add sounds

Presentation Graphics Business- quality Graphics Hardware  High-resolution color monitor  Color printer  Ability to project computer slides on a screen

Objectives  Describe the advantages of spreadsheets  List several applications for spreadsheets  Explain the underlying principles of electronic spreadsheet use  Describe how to set up and modify a spreadsheet  Describe the advantages of business graphics  Differentiate between analytical and presentation graphics  Name the elements of standard charts and graphs

Contents  Why Use Spreadsheets? Why Use Spreadsheets?  Working with Spreadsheets Working with Spreadsheets  Business Graphics Business Graphics  Analytical Graphics Analytical Graphics  Presentation Graphics Presentation Graphics