1. Introduction to Spreadsheets

2. What is a spreadsheet?
A computer program made of rows and columns that form cells.
Cell: The point at which a column and a row meet; the intersection of a column and row.
A software used to enter, calculate, manipulate and analyze numbers.

3. What are Uses of Spreadsheets?
School secretary can keep record of student fees
Students and teachers can calculate averages
Businesses compute company payroll
Predict entertainment expenses for personal use.
Manage inventory to track purchasing trends
Create graphs or charts
Examples:
Chart business expenses
Chart change in temperature over a two-week period of time
Local tax office can record sales tax paid by businesses.
Keep track of money spent.

4. Advantages of Spreadsheets
The speed of calculating numbers.
Automatically recalculates
Recalculation feature changes values and updates totals instantly.
Numerical data entered into a spreadsheet is called a value.
The fastest way to calculate your current average as well as your new average when you make up missing assignments.

5. “What if” Analysis/ Questions/Scenarios
A spreadsheet tool used to play out different situations to determine the outcome.
Spreadsheet has the major advantage to answer “What If” questions, scenarios or analysis years after it is created.

6. Parts of the Spreadsheet Window
Active cell -cell in which you are currently working ; highlighted or outline with a black border
cells
Column - vertical portion of a spreadsheet that is identified by a letter
Row - horizontal portion of a spreadsheet that is identified by a number

7. Entering Data into a Spreadsheet
Labels
Contain alphabetic information; alphabetical text.
Values
Contain numeric information that can be used for calculations.
Formula
Statement that performs a calculation.
Function
Shortcut formula for common calculations.
The most appropriate time to establish a file name and save the spreadsheet for the first time is when YOU BEGIN THE SPREADSHEET!
After you retrieve and edit a spreadsheet you must save the file in order to save revisions that you made to an existing spreadsheet!

8. Identifying Labels and Values

9. Identifying Formulas and Functions
The result of the formula
function
The result of the function

10. Identifying Parts of a Spreadsheet Formula
mathematical operators
=B2+C2+D2
Equal sign—First part of any spreadsheet formula
Cell reference or address - The first cell on a worksheet or spreadsheet is located in column A and on row 1 is Cell A1.

11. Cell Address
The column letter and row number make up the cell address.

12. Vocabulary
The cell reference for an active cell is displayed in the address box.
Attributes are added to a spreadsheet to improve its appearance.
To format font color in a cell you must highlight the cell first!
Dashed lines on a spreadsheet represent page break.
Standard toolbar has icons for commands that are used frequently.

13. Identifying Parts of a Spreadsheet Function
=SUM(B2:B6)
name of function
range
equal sign

14. Mathematical Operators
+ addition
- subtraction
* multiplication (asterisk)
/ division (slash or diagonal)

15. Spreadsheet Functions
Function Name Description
AVERAGE (AVG) Average of arguments.
COUNT Counts the number of cells in a range.
IF Specifies a logical test to perform; then performs one action if test result in true and another if it is not true.
MAX Largest value of range of cells.
MIN Smallest value of range of cells.
ROUND Rounds a number to a specified number of digits.
SUM Total; adds a range of cells.

16. Relative and Absolute Referencing
cells that change when they are copied into other cells
Ab$olute
cells that do not change regardless of where it is copied

17. Formatting Cells with Enhancements
underline
shading
font size
Cell Border is used to change line style or outline
bold

18. What feature DOES NOT increase the efficiency and effectiveness of a spreadsheet?
Formatting cells
Inserting columns
Inserting clipart
Spellchecker

19. Clipboard Cut Paste Copy
What procedure could you use if you had 5 different columns of data and wanted to add each column without re-keying the formula each time?
Clipboard
Cut
Paste
Copy

20. Changing Column Width 1. Position cursor between column headings.
2. Make sure your cursor changes to cross-hairs.
3. Click and drag to the right.
Shortcut: double-click between the column headings!
REPEATED ### SYMBOLS INDICATE COLUMN WIDTH IS TOO NARROW!

21. Enhanced Formatting Formula Standard
Which toolbar has icons that are used frequently for formatting the appearance of a spreadsheet?
Enhanced
Formatting
Formula
Standard

22. Numeric Formatting Currency $ Format 29.99 to currency $29.99 general
Decimal formatted to the nearest CENT by using 2 numbers AFTER the decimal for example to 39.83
Currency $
Format to currency $29.99
general

23. Which is true about applying formatting to a spreadsheet cell?
Formatting can take place before or after data is entered.

24. Print Orientations Portrait Landscape
A paper orientation that is taller than it is wide.
8 ½ X 11”
Landscape
A paper orientation that is wider than it is tall.
11” X 8 1/2

25. Print Options without gridlines with gridlines- faint gray lines
File command on menu bar is used to print.

26. On most charts vertical (left) edge of plot is Y axis.
Horizontal (bottom) edge is X axis. Y X
Handles- small black squares surrounding chart.
Tick marks- small lines that mark a unit of measurement.
The first step to creating a chart is to SELECT data you wish to plot!

27. Printing Selected Areas
Highlight desired area, choose option to print selected area . Advantage- Allows only defined area to print.

28. Graphing- presenting and comparing data in a graphic format
Bar graph
Used to compare groups of similar data
Line graph
Useful for plotting trends
Pie graph
Used to represent the percentage each item contributes to the total
Data can be easily understood with graphing!

29. Chart wizard- series of dialog boxes used to provide steps in creating charts