The Constitution Chapter 8.3. The Constitution Feb. 1787 a Constitutional Convention was held –55 delegates; well educated James Madison – many ideas.

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Presentation transcript:

The Constitution Chapter 8.3

The Constitution Feb a Constitutional Convention was held –55 delegates; well educated James Madison – many ideas to implement George Washington appointed president of the Congress Other – Roger Sherman; James Wilson (Declaration) Not attending –Thomas Jefferson (ambassador to France) –John Adams (ambassador to Great Britain)

Issues to face –Revise or rewrite the Articles of Confederation? –Small state vs. Large state concerns –Regional economic concerns The Virginia Plan (James Madison) –A large-state plan Three branches of government Bi-cameral legislature (reps based upon population) –Small states objected to population determining representatives in both houses!

The New Jersey Plan (William Peterson) –Unicameral legislature (one state/one vote) Small states would have equal voice –Power to tax Large states objected – felt representatives based on population most fair The Great Compromise (Roger Sherman) –Kept parts of both Every state would have equal representation in the upper house (New Jersey Plan) Every state would have one representative based upon population – 30,000 (Virginia Plan)

Slaves? –South wanted them to count for representation purposes –Some wanted to ban the slave trade South objected (John Rutledge) Three–Fifths Compromise (Edmund Randolph and James Wilson) –3/5 of slaves to count in lower house count –South threatened to leave the union if banning the slave trade was implemented. Slave trade would continue for 20 yrs. (south dropped demand for 2/3 majority vote in congress)

Check this out!!! –Population of the following states 1790 (when figuring representatives in Congress) StatePOPReps per 30,000 SlavesIf counted as full pop. If counted as 3/5ths VA747,610 (28% Of total pop. are slaves) 25 (35) , SC249,073 (30% of total pop. are slaves) 8 (12) ,09442 MD319,728 (24% of total pop are slaves) 11 (14) ,03632

Checks and Balances –System called federalism adopted Legislative branch Judicial branch Executive branch –Checks an balances to prevent one branch from becoming too powerful Federal Government can enforce laws in the states States still controlled local government, schooling etc –Document signed Sept and sent to the states for ratification