1. Chapter 5 Section 2 “A New Constitution” 5.2

2. Constitutional Convention Some people felt the country needed a stronger central government. Called________________ George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, _______________________________________ _______________________________________ ___________________________________ James Madison, member of VA legislature, head of commerce committee Convinced call meeting in Annapolis, MD but only 5 states represented to, not enough to solve problems Hamilton asked Congress to call 2nd convention in Philadelphia, Shays Rebellion convinces them

3. Constitutional Convention Con’t Every state represented except RI __________________________________, G. Washington presiding officer, Franklin delegate Record kept by_________________________, meeting closed to the public Two national plans of government proposed

4. VIRGINIA PLAN _____________________________from VA introduced VA Plan, 3 branches Legislature divided in 2 houses State voters elect first house 2 nd house nominated by state gov’t, elected by 1 st house ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________

5. The New Jersey Plan _________________________of New Jersey draws a counter proposal Wanted to modify Articles so there was 1 house & each state had equal representation & central gov’t had right to raise taxes & regulate trade Had to chose 1 plan & proceed, the convention chose the VA plan which made a break from the Articles ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ___________

6. Connecticut Compromise aka THE GREAT COMPROMISE Small states demanded an equal vote with the large states if they were not to be overrun _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ ___________________

7. 3/5ths Compromise Members to the House of Reps would be 1: 40,000 population Caused a split with the South b/c a large part of their population was made of enslaved people North said this wasn’t fair b/c slaves couldn’t vote & should also count for tax purposes _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ _________________________________________ Also Congress could not ban slave trade until 1808 or impose high taxes on imported slaves, could not tax exports

8. Ratification? By Sept the Convention had worked out the details and submitted it to Confederation Congress. 8 days later they voted to submit it to the states but 9 of 13 would have to agree before it became law. The New Constitution was based on__________________________________________________ __________________________________. Yet it is still based on representation Also Federalism – balance between national and state power Separation of Powers – among 3 branches of federal government_____________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________ ________________

9. Checks and Balances Within the system each branch has the ability to_______________________________________ President can 1.)_______________________, 2.)_________________________, 3.) put down __________________, 4.)___________, 5.)_____________________________________ Legislature can override veto w/ 2/3rds vote in both houses Senate can reject presidential appointments to executive branch and treaties with other countries Also can impeach – formally accuse of misconduct, president or other executive member

10. AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION BY PROPOSAL AND RATIFICATION 1. __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ ________________________________________ 2. RATIFICATION: RATIFIED BY ¾ OF STATE LEGISLATURES OR BY CONVENTIONS IN 3/4 OF THE STATES 3. ARTICLE V – ARTICLE VII (AMENDING AND RATIFYING THE CONSTITUTION)