Plant Tissues and Organs Annuals Biennials Perennials Dicots Monocots Cotyledon Root system Shoot system SIMPLE TISSUES Meristems Apical meristems Primary growth Cambia—lateral meristems Secondary growth Woody plants Vascular cambium Cork cambium

Simple Tissues Parenchyma Photosynthesis, storage, transport, healing, production of new plant parts. Palisades and spongy parenchyma Collenchyma— support cell—cigar shaped. (celery) Sclerenchyma Walls contain lignin— elastic and strong.

Tissue Systems Dermal tissue system (epidermis) Cuticle Functions Guard cells Stomates Periderm or bark Vascular Tissue System Xylem and phloem Xylem—made of tracheids and vessel members—dead cells Perforated Secondary xylem forms wood Growth rings transpiration

Tissue Systems Phloem Sieve tube members Companion cells Phloem loading

Plant Organs Stem Primary stem tissues Secondary stem tissues Pith Pith-parenchyma Cortex Dicot vs. monocot

Roots Tap root system Fibrous Root System Root hairs Adventitious roots Root cap Apical meristem Endodermis Casparian strip

Leaves Blade Petiole Simple leaf Compound leaf Leaflet Mesophyll Palisade parenchyma Spongy parenchyma Venation Parallel veins Net veins