1. Applied Biology
Plant Review

2. In plants, the main organs of photosynthesis are the
(a) roots (b) leaves (c) trunk (d) stems

3. b

4. Most of the wood in a tree is made up of
(a) cork cambium (b) phloem cells (c) bark cells (d) xylem cells

5. d

6. Stomata open and close due to water pressure changes in the
(a) guard cells (b) sieve tube member (c) root hairs (d) cortex

7. a

8. The type of plant tissue that divides by mitosis is
(a) meristematic (b) xylem (c) phloem (d) parenchyma

9. a

10. Nutrient needed by plants to ensure proper leaf growth and color
(a) Water (b) potassium (c) calcium (d) nitrogen

11. d

12. The inner part of bark is made of
(a) xylem (b) parenchyma (c) phloem (d) cuticle

13. c

14. The vascular bundles in monocot stems
(a) are arranged in a ring
(b) are scattered throughout
(c) contain phloem only
(d) contain xylem only

15. b

16. Plants take in almost all their water and nutrients through structures called
(a) guard cells (b) vascular cylinders (c) root hairs (d) osmosis

17. c

18. The root apical meristem is protected by the
(a) bud scales (b) cuticle (c) root cap (d) cortex

19. c

20. Nonfunctional xylem in the center of a tree trunk is
(a) summerwood (b) sapwood (c) heartwood (d) springwood

21. c

22. A primary root that grows longer and thicker is a
(a) fibrous root (b) apical root (c) meristematic root (d) tap root

23. d

24. A meristematic tissue that increases the thickness of plant stems over time is the
(a) vascular cambium (b) apical meristem (c) pericycle (d) epidermal meristem.

25. a

26. Tracheids are the most important type of cells in
(a) vascular cylinders (b) veins (c) xylem (d) phloem

27. c

28. Heartwood is older, darker xylem that
still functions slightly
rapidly divides during growth season
carries water to the leaves
Stops transporting water completely

29. d

30. The spot where leaves attach

31. Node

32. Waxy covering on upper epidermis of leaf

33. Cuticle

34. Outer protective covering

35. Epidermis

36. The area that cell differentiation is completed

37. Zone of maturation

38. Cylinder containing the xylem and phloem

39. Vascular cylinder

40. Meristimatic region that produces xylem and phloem

41. Vascular Cambium

42. Protective layer on the tip of the root

43. Root cap

44. Area that contains the apical meristem of the root

45. Zone of cell division

46. . Branch off a root that increases surface area

47. Root hair

48. Final Question

49. Surrounding a vascular bundle

50. endodermis

51. Name two functions each for roots, stems, and leaves

53. What two types of wood make up the rings of a tree
What two types of wood make up the rings of a tree? What cause each type?(

54. Spring wood—wide gaps due to rapid growth
Late wood—narrow gaps due to mostly dormant cell growth.

55. What is the difference between a compound and a simple leaf

56. Simple leaf—one leaf from per petiole
Compound leaf—multiple leaves per petiole

57. Draw the cross section of a tree trunk and label the following parts
Draw the cross section of a tree trunk and label the following parts. Pith, Heartwood, Sapwood, Vascular Cambium and Bark

59. Know properties of monocots and dicots

61. Comparing Monocots vs. Dicots
FEATURE
MONOCOTS
DICOTS
Cotyledons 1 2
Leaf venation
parallel
broad
Root system
Fibrous
Tap
Number of floral parts
In 3’s
In 4’s or 5’s
Vascular bundle position
Scattered
Arranged in a circle
Woody or herbaceous
Herbaceous
Either