EOCT PREP 1) In an ecosystem, some plants may convert atmospheric nitrogen gas into ammonia through a process called __________ ____________. A)denitrification B)nitrogenous mutation C)transformation D)nitrogen fixation

ANSWER D. Nitrogen Fixation

EOCT PREP 2) Producers break down sugar and create energy in the process of __________________. A)diffusion B)photosynthesis C)cell respiration D)chemosynthesis

ANSWER B. Photosynthesis

EOCT PREP 3) You have been collecting data to determine the average monthly temperature for a particular year. You have 30 samples recorded in degrees Celsius each month. You want to show temperature trends over the entire year. What would be the best way to represent your data to illustrate the average temperature for each month? A)In a descriptive paragraph B)In a data table C)On a calendar D)on a bar graph

ANSWER D. Bar Graph

EOCT PREP 4) The organism in the photograph shares many characteristics with humans. Which of the following is a common or shared feature? A)respiration through the skin B)respiration through lungs C)complete digestive system with a crop and gizzard D)closed circulatory system

D. Closed Circulatory System ANSWER D. Closed Circulatory System

EOCT PREP 5) _________ _________ are responsible for the transport of substances down a concentration gradient during facilitated diffusion. A)Carrier proteins B)Ionic pumps C)Ion channels D)Protein receptors

ANSWER A. Carrier Proteins

EOCT PREP 6) The graph shows the changes in population of black bears in rural Michigan in a single year. Complete depletion of food supply for black bears most likely occured during the month of: A)May. B)July. C)September. D)April.

ANSWER B. July

EOCT PREP 7) Changes in the DNA sequence, or mutations, drive ___________ ____________. A)deamination events B)evolutionary change C)amino acid coding D)environmental interaction

ANSWER B. Evolutionary Change

EOCT PREP 8) The process of DNA replication occurs just before______________. A)cytokinesis B)nucleosynthesis C)cell division D)replication

ANSWER C. Cell Division

EOCT PREP 9) A _________________ is the largest natural population of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring. A)Class B)Genus C)Family D)Species

ANSWER D. Species

EOCT PREP 10) Which of the following organisms does not depend upon the successful growth of kelp beds in a marine environment? A)Sea otters B)Crustaceans C)Young fish D)Frogs

ANSWER D. Frogs

EOCT PREP 11) Ecological pyramids can be based on the numbers of individual organisms at each ________ level. A)consumable B)biomass C)resource D)trophic

ANSWER D. Trophic Level

EOCT PREP 12) Letter D is the part of the cell that makes proteins. What is letter D? A)chromosones B)golgi apparatus C)chloroplast D)ribosomes

ANSWER D. Ribosomes

EOCT PREP 13) Which of the following is a vertebrate? A)squid B)beaver C)snail D)crab

ANSWER B. Beaver

EOCT PREP 14) Lichens are symbiotic relationships between algae and ___________. A)protists. B)fungi. C)microscopic animals. D)diatoms.

ANSWER B. Fungi

EOCT PREP 15) In a prokaryotic cell, most ribosomes are: A)attached to the ER. B)floating freely in the cytoplasm. C)in the nucleus. D)attached to the nucleus.

ANSWER B. Floating freely in the Cytoplasm.

EOCT PREP 16) ____________________ helps explain why there are a large number of marsupial mammal species in Australia and South America, continents that were once connected. A)Ozone production B)The fifth mass extinction C)The first mass extinction D)Continental drift

ANSWER D. Continental Drift

EOCT PREP 17) If a student notices that frogs are all gathering at one end of the pond the student has done what? A)experimented B)hypothesized C)collected data D)observed

ANSWER D. Observed

EOCT PREP 18) The first step in the scientific method is to _____________________. A)gather information B)state the problem C)form a hypothesis D)state the conclusion

ANSWER B. State the Problem

EOCT PREP 19) In the Punnett shown, two plants that are alike genetically were crossed. The predicted ratios of offspring can be found in the four boxes. How many of the offspring in the boxes will look like the parents? A)one B)four C)three D)two

ANSWER C. Three—R—Dominant

EOCT PREP 20) The portion of the membrane system in eukaryotic cells that is responsible for the making lipids and breaking down toxic substances is the _______ _______. A)rough ER B)smooth ER C)ribosomal ER D)semi-permeable ER

ANSWER A. Rough ER

EOCT PREP 21) Most of the ATP made during cellular respiration is produced in: A)ribosomes B)mitochondria C)the Krebs cycle D)glycolysis

ANSWER B. Mitochondria

EOCT PREP 22) Which of the following is a carbohydrate? A)Saturated fat B)Salt C)Protein D)Starch

ANSWER D. Starch

EOCT PREP 23) ___________ are the oldest organisms and are divided into two groups, the achaebacteria and the eubacteria. A)Viruses B)Prokaryotes C)Eukaryotes D)Algae

ANSWER B. Prokaryotes

EOCT PREP 24) What is the correct scientific name for Organism 1 in the picture? A)Orange-barred sulphur B)Insecta Lepidoptera Peridae Phoebis C)Peridae Phoebis D)Not enough information given

D. Not enough Information. ANSWER D. Not enough Information.

EOCT PREP 25) How many variables should be manipulated in an experiment? A)one B)two C)three D)it does not matter

ANSWER A)one

EOCT PREP 26) When bacteria successfully undergo cell transformation, recombinant DNA: A)undergoes mutation. B)is treated with oncogenes. C)clones itself. D)is integrated into a chromosome.

D)is integrated into a chromosome. ANSWER D)is integrated into a chromosome.

EOCT PREP 27) A milk snake looks similar to the deadly coral snake. This is an example of: A)warning coloration B)cryptic coloration C)mimicry D)adaptive radiation

ANSWER C)mimicry

EOCT PREP 28) The ________ includes the entire planet and all of its living and nonliving parts. A)biosphere B)community C)ecosystem D)lithosphere

ANSWER A)biosphere

EOCT PREP 29) The cell shown is most likely a ____________ cell based upon its physical features. A)eukaryotic animal B)prokaryotic bacterial C)prokaryotic fungus D)dogmatic cisterna

ANSWER A)eukaryotic animal

EOCT PREP 30) Which of the following lab safety procedures is incorrect? A)Follow instructions as given by teacher. B)Always carry a textbook into the lab for checking accuracy. C)Know the fire escape route from your lab. D)No horseplay in the lab.

B) Always carry a textbook into the lab for checking accuracy. ANSWER B) Always carry a textbook into the lab for checking accuracy.

EOCT PREP 31) In the diagram, the top square and circle represent the _____________ generation. A)F1 B)P C)F2 D)G

ANSWER B)P

EOCT PREP 32) The products of photosynthesis that begin cellular respiration are _______________________. A)organic compounds and oxygen. B)carbon dioxide and water. C)NADPH and hydrogen. D)AARP and water.

A)organic compounds and oxygen. ANSWER A)organic compounds and oxygen. Reactants Products

EOCT PREP 33) The organelle identified in the picture as #10 helps the cell maintain homeostasis in what way? This organelle is the smaller white circularly shaped organelle found in the top middle of the image. A)houses the cell's DNA for reproduction B)aids the cell in movement C)produces energy for cellular processes D)storage of needed components or cellular waste

D)storage of needed components or cellular waste ANSWER D)storage of needed components or cellular waste

EOCT PREP 34) The substitution, addition, or removal of a single nucleotide in DNA is called a(n) ____________ mutation. A)exorcism B)reference C)point D)normal

ANSWER C)point

EOCT PREP 35) In humans, cystic fibrosis is a recessive genetic disorder that results in mucus clogging major organs. If both parents are genetically heterozygous for cystic fibrosis, then what are their chances of having a child with the disease? A)25% B)50% C)75% D)100%

ANSWER A)25%

EOCT PREP 36) Which type of molecule makes up most of a cell membrane? A)protein B)lipid C)nucleic acid D)carbohydrate

ANSWER B)lipid

EOCT PREP 37) In rabbits, the allele B for black fur is dominant over the allele b for brown fur. Calculate the probability of a homozygous dominant (BB) offspring resulting from a cross between two parents with the genotype Bb. A)1/100 B)7/10 C)1/4 D)1/2

ANSWER C)1/4

EOCT PREP 38) Bears and coyotes both consume large plant-eating mammals such as deer. When the deer are in short supply, bears and coyotes may fight over the prey. This type of biological interaction is called _________________. A)rumination B)commensalism C)mutualism D)competition

ANSWER D)competition

EOCT PREP 39) Which of the following procedures is most important when handling acids and bases correctly in the lab? A)Wear safety goggles and a lab apron at all times for protection B)Be sure to take books and notes into the lab station to know what you are doing C)Be sure to work at eye level with the experiments to better observe D)Wear gloves and a respirator.

A) Wear safety goggles and a lab apron at all times for protection ANSWER A) Wear safety goggles and a lab apron at all times for protection

EOCT PREP 40) In the replication process of this molecule, polymerase proofreads the molecule so that few mistakes or ___________ occur. A)oppositions B)interferons C)vexations D)mutations

ANSWER D)mutations

EOCT PREP 41) __________ ___________ is a technology that allows strands of DNA to be transferred from the cells of one species into the cells of another species. A)Gene splicing B)Gene cultivation C)Hormone growth D)Binary fission

ANSWER A) Gene splicing

EOCT PREP 42) Which of the following is an autotroph? A)rabbit B)bear C)mushroom D)dandelion

ANSWER D)dandelion

EOCT PREP 43) In the graph, the density-independent limiting factor is most likely: A)seasonal cycles. B)predation. C)parasitism. D)disease.

ANSWER A)seasonal cycles.

EOCT PREP 44) Viruses are not considered to be living things, but they depend upon living cells for energy, reproduction, and protection at the expense of the cells that they invade. The type of relationship described above could best be classified as one of ______________________. A)mutualism B)parasitism C)commensalism D)resignation

ANSWER B)parasitism

EOCT PREP 45) An organism with 24 chromosomes in each body cell will produce sex cells with __________ chromosomes. A)48 B)12 C)10 D)6

ANSWER B)12

EOCT PREP 46) The finches that Darwin studied in the Galapagos islands have evolved with different types of beaks: Drilling, cracking, tearing and fishing. This is an example of: A)protective resemblence B)adaptive radiation C)warning coloration D)predation

ANSWER B)adaptive radiation

EOCT PREP 47) In the diagram, if a cell starts with 48 chromosomes, then each new cell produced at the end of the process will contain ________ chromosomes. A)23 B)96 C)48 D)24

ANSWER D)24

EOCT PREP 48) Mutations can be both harmful and helpful. Indicate which of the following is NOT caused by a genetic mutation. A)AIDS B)Sickle cell anemia C)Cystic fibrosis D)Down syndrome

ANSWER A)AIDS

EOCT PREP 49) Which of the following is NOT a nucleic acid found within the confines of a typical cell? A)rRNA B)tRNA C)mRNA D)qRNA

ANSWER D)qRNA

EOCT PREP 50) What are the products of photosynthesis? A)carbon dioxide and oxygen B)carbon dioxide and water C)glucose and carbon dioxide D)glucose and oxygen

ANSWER D)glucose and oxygen

EOCT PREP 51) If a population grows larger than its environmental carrying capacity, then: A)birth rate may rise significantly. B)death rate may rise. C)death rate may fall significantly. D)immigration rate may increase.

ANSWER B)death rate may rise.

EOCT PREP 52) ___________ are a large and varied groups of molecules that are usually not soluble in water. A)lipids B)carbohydrates C)proteins D)amino acids

ANSWER A)lipids

EOCT PREP 53) Which of the following is NOT part of a nucleic acid? A)ribose B)phosphate C)nitrogenous base D)amino acid

ANSWER D)amino acid

EOCT PREP 54) During which month is the bird population in Georgia increasing the most? A)January B)March C)August D)September

ANSWER D)September

EOCT PREP 55) What adaptation allowed reptiles to reproduce on land? A)amniotic eggs B)clawed toes C)body scales D)warm bloodedness

ANSWER A)amniotic eggs