1. EOCT Quiz #9 25 Questions

2. #1 These organisms have chitin in their cell walls: a. Bacteria b. Plants c. Fungus d. Animals

3. #2 Which group of macromolecules includes enzymes? a. Lipids b. Carbohydrates c. Nucleic acids d. Proteins

4. #3 a. Species b. Community c. Population d. Ecosystem

5. #4 a. 25% b. 50% c. 75% d. 100% The Punnett square shows a cross in pea plants. R represents offspring with round seeds, and r represents offspring with wrinkled seeds.

6. #5 a. Available energy is highest in the surface ocean algae and lowest in the meat-eating fish. b. Available energy is highest in the meat-eating fish and lowest in the surface ocean algae. c. Available energy is highest in the blue whale. d. The same amount of energy is available to organisms occupying all trophic levels.

7. #6 a. Calf 1 b. Calf 2 c. Calf 3 d. Calf 4 The picture in the first panel shows a segment of DNA from a cow. The next four panels show DNA segments from four calves.

8. #7 a. The animals are not related. b. The animals share a common ancestor and are therefore related. c. Fish are more closely related to humans than are chickens. d. Fish and chickens are closely related, but humans are not related to either fish or chickens. The diagram shows the embryos and the adult forms of animals from different classification groups. What do the embryos suggest about these three animals?

9. #8 a. The different finch species have migrated and separated to their own islands to minimize competition. b. At some point in the past, the small tree finch must have bred with the cactus finch to create the vegetarian finch c. Each species developed beaks that made it easier to obtain food they most liked to eat. d. Through adaptation, the species of finches have developed beaks that are better suited to the different foods available on their island.

10. #9 a. Protein b. Carbohydrate c. Nucleic Acid d. Lipid

11. #10 a. Protein b. Carbohydrate c. Nucleic Acid d. Lipid

12. #11 a. Samples A & B b. Samples A & C c. Samples B & C d. Samples B & D A scientist analyzed four samples of nitrogen bases to determine whether they contained DNA. Her results are shown in the table.

13. #12 a. Water can move out of the cell to dilute the sugar. b. Sugar can move into the cell to dilute the sugar. c. Sugar can move out of the cell to dilute the water. d. The cell is already at homeostasis.

14. #13 a. kangaroo b. rhesus monkey c. gorilla d. soy bean Based on the data in the chart below, which organisms share the most recent common ancestor to humans?

15. #14 a. Species 2, 3, & 4 are descendants of ancestor D. b. Species 5 is a descendant of ancestor B. c. Ancestor C is a descendant of species 5. d. Species 2 & 4 are descendants of ancestor C. Scientists use cladograms to show the evolutionary relationships among species. The letters at the branching points represent a common ancestor of two species.

16. #15 a. The catalyst did not affect the rate of the reaction. b. The more catalyst added, the slower the rate of the reaction. c. The more catalyst added, the faster the rate of the reaction. d. If 50 mg of catalyst were added, the reaction would take more than 22.6 seconds. A scientist studied how a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. The data table shows the scientist’s results.

17. #16 Burning fossil fuels releases large amounts of carbon dioxide gas. The resulting increase in carbon dioxide levels has caused global temperatures to increase over time. The increase in mean global temperatures is shown in the graph.

18. #17 a. Fir, birch, and white spruce b. Pine, spruce, and aspen c. Grasses and shrubs d. Lichens and mosses

19. #18 a. Vestigal structures b. Homologous structures c. Analogous structures d. Embryological structures The diagrams show the structures making up an alligator’s leg and a penguin’s flipper.

20. #19 a. T – G – A – A – C b. A – C – T – T – G c. T – G – U – U – C d. U – C – T – T – G The diagram shows the base sequence of a strand of DNA.

21. #20 a. Activation energy with a catalyst. b. Activation energy without a catalyst. c. Energy of the products. d. Reaction progress. What does the peak of the solid line represent?

22. #21 a. Statements 1 & 2 b. Statements 1 & 3 c. Statements 2 & 3 d. Statements 3 & 4

23. #22 a. It changes the pH of the reaction b. It changes the temperature of the reaction c. It changes the products of the reaction d. It changes the speed of the reaction Amylase is an enzyme in saliva that assists in the reaction that breaks down starch. How does amylase affect the reaction?

24. #23 a. Cell structure b. Habitat c. Method of reproduction d. DNA comparison Scientists have discovered a new species of bacteria. Which would provide the BEST basis for classifying this species?

25. #24 a. Biological change occurs slowly and steadily over a long period of time. b. Biological change occurs quickly over a short period of time, following by long periods of little or no change. c. The mutations of a few genes result in a new species. d. Events throughout the history of life have caused the extinction of species. Which of the following BEST describes the evolutionary theory of gradualism?

26. #25 a. Deletion b. Chromosomal c. Inversion d. Substitution Which kind of mutation has occurred in the following sequence of bases in a DNA molecule?

27. The End