December 2015 Goal – Review Ancient India December 2015 Goal – Review Ancient India Please have out your Study Guide Pass back papers! Bellringer – What are a few ways Hinduism and Buddhism are alike? Different? Review Study Guide India Review Game HW – India Assessment Tomorrow

Chapter 5 Assessment- Thursday, December 18 th Please keep in mind that these are basic answers – on the test you will need to explain with examples. India Study Guide Answers

Vocabulary Reincarnation- the cycle of rebirth Nirvana- a state of peace in Buddhism where the soul is free from reincarnation Vedas- The religious poems and texts of the Aryan culture that led to Hinduism Karma- the affects that good and bad actions have on a person’s soul Siddhartha- Buddha’s real name when he was a Kshatriya.

Vocabulary Caste System- The Hindu (Aryan) social hierarchy, it placed people in groups based on wealth, birth, or occupation Four Noble Truths- The main guiding principles in Buddhism (overcoming desire, following the Eightfold Path) Aryans- This nomadic civilization took over the Indus River Valley after the Harappan. They established the Hindu Caste System. Himalayas- Mountain range in Northeast India Buddha- Means “enlightened one.”

Snows from what mountains caused the Indus River to flood? The Himalayan Mountains

Short Answers: Most of Buddha’s teachings reflected the ideas of another world religion. Which one? Explain. Hinduism- they both believe in Karma, a form of salvation or heaven (Moksha or Nirvana), Reincarnation, Brahman

How does karma work? (In Hinduism) Good karma- you can be reincarnated into a higher caste. Bad karma- you can be reincarnated into a lower caste or even a lower life form.

Name two bad things about the Hindu Caste System. You can’t marry outside of your caste. Caste is a matter of birth (you can’t change it in that lifetime) You can’t eat with members of other castes. Discrimination in ancient times was legal. If you break a law, you become an untouchable.

How did Buddha’s teachings agree and disagree with Hinduism. One for each. Agree- Both religions believe in karma, reincarnation, Brahman, a type of heaven or salvation Disagree- Buddhism disagrees with the Caste System

What was the first civilization to develop in India. What do we know about them? Why don’t we know much about them? The Harappan Civilization We know they built great cities with fortresses, market places, public wells. They also built their cities on a grid system. We know they had a type of writing, but we don’t know a lot because we can’t read it.

Purusa- The Cosmic Man Mouth- Brahmins priests & academics (speak the faith) Arms Kshatriyas warriors & rulers strength Thigh Vaisyas landowners and craftspeople – business class hold up the upper classes Feet Sudra, servants, farmers & labor workers - who do all the running – base of society – food/buildings Harijan Untouchable- not allowed on the body – “unholy” jobs

Primary vs. Secondary Review Are the following sources primary or secondary? A textbook about Ancient India- Secondary The Harappan City of Mohenjo Daro- Primary A piece of Aryan pottery- Primary A website about the history of the Hindu religion- Secondary