Food Science Nutrients – what do we need?

What is food? Something that living organisms take into their bodies to: –provide us with energy –help us to develop –to keep us warm –prevent disease –Live We need food for all these processes

The Magnificent 7 (food substances) A Healthy Diet Fibre Minerals FatProtein Vitamins Water Carbohydrates

Most common source of energy Found in breads, potatoes, cereals and pasta Sustained energy If not used up – gets turned into fat 4 – 5 portions a day

Fibre Needed to maintain healthy digestive system – not strictly a nutrient Found in –wholegrain breakfast cereals –wholegrain, granary or seeded breads –brown rice –fruit and vegetables –beans and pulses –nuts and seeds

Minerals Chemical elements needed to keep you healthy Maintain immune system Helps cells and organs do their jobs Found in: –Fruit –Vegetables

Vitamins ‘Vital’ for life, can’t live without them Only tiny amounts needed Vitamin A, C, E Found in: –Fruit –Vegetables

Fat Supplies energy Insulates us Fuel reserve Needed as building blocks Found in: –Meat –Olive oil –Butter –Milk –Nuts To much is not good

Proteins Needed to build and repair new cells Builds muscle Found in: –Meat and fish –Dairy products –Soy products –Nuts and pulses –Eggs 12 % of daily intake

Water Between % of your body is water Needed for healthy body Should drink 6 – 8 glasses a day Found in: –Fruits (watermelon) –Vegetables (cucumber) –Taps Need more when exercising Brain is 80% water, being dehydrated effects your concentration

A balanced diet Each food should be eaten in the right proportions Fruit and vegetablesBread, other cereals and potatoes Meat, fish and alternatives Milk and dairy foods Foods containing fat Foods containing sugar

Food scientists Investigate foods to determine which nutrients they contain Test for: –Carbohydrates – starch and glucose –Fat –Protein

Carbohydrates Starch –Long chain carbohydrate (complex) Glucose –Smaller, usable molecule Two tests: –Benedicts for glucose –Iodine for starch

Testing our food: Starch

Testing our food: Glucose

Testing for Fat Fat – emulsion test

Testing for Protein Biuret test for protein

Complete a spider diagram entitled Nutrients showing –Each of the seven nutrients –What we need them for –An example of each