1. Food
Food

2. Why do living things need food?
1. As a material for growth
2. To give us energy

3. How do living things get food?
Don’t need to take this down
Plants use sunlight to make their own food “Photosynthesis”
Animals eat plants and other animals

4. A balanced diet has six constituents
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
They all have different functions so we need them all, but in different amounts

5. A Food pyramid
tells us the number of servings of each of the food groups that we should eat each day

6. Rarely
Fats, Oils, Cakes, Sweets
Dairy Products
2 servings a day
Meat and Fish
Vegetables
4 servings a day
Fruit
Cereals
6 servings a day
8 servings a day
Water

7. 1. Carbohydrates - Sugar Sugar is a type of carbohydrate
The function of sugar is to provide energy
If a simple sugar is present in a food it will turn Benedict's solution from blue to red

8. To test for the presence of a sugar
Stand the test tubes in hot water for about 3 minutes.
If sugar is present in a food it will turn Benedict's solution from blue to red

9. Testing different types of food for the presence of a simple sugar
How can you make sure that the test is fair?
What control could you use for comparison to the real experiment?

10. Sources of sugar:
Honey
Jam
Fizzy drinks
Cakes

11. 2. Carbohydrate - Starch Starch is a type of carbohydrate
The function of starch is to provide energy
Starch will change iodine from a brown/yellow colour to a blue colour

12. To test for the presence of starch
Iodine turns from yellow/brown to blue if starch is present

13. Source of starch
Bread
Potato
Pasta
Rice

14. 3. Carbohydrate - Fibre Fibre is a type of carbohydrate
The function of fibre is to help prevent constipation
It is found in green vegetables and cereals

15. Fat The function of fat is in our diet is to: Provide us with energy
Store energy
Provide us with insulation

16. A special test for the presence of fat
Fat makes brown paper go translucent
(light passes through it very easily)

17. Sources of fat
Oil
Butter
Milk
Cheese

18. Protein The functions ( job) of protein in our diet is:
To make muscle, hair, hormones and enzymes

19. To test for the presence of protein in food:
Dissolve the food in some water.
Add some biuret solution to the test tube.
If protein is present the solution will turn from a blue to a purple colour!

20. Sources of protein
Milk
Nuts
Eggs
Meat
Cheese

21. Water (H20) The function of water in our diet:
It is an excellent solvent and so it helps things to be transported around the body
Sources of water: Drinks

22. Vitamins
Vitamin C
Keeps gums and skin healthy
Source:
Fruit

23. Scurvy – not enough vitamin C

24. Vitamin D
builds strong bones and teeth
Source:
Milk, cheese, yogurt

25. Rickets – not enough vitamin D

26. Minerals Iron is needed to make red blood cells Source:
Red meat, cabbage

27. Minerals Calcium For healthy bones and teeth Source:
Milk, cheese, yogurt