Unit 1 Grammar & Usage 1

What? An attributive clause is a clause that modifies a noun the same way an adjective or prepositional phrase does. The noun it modifies is called an antecedent. e.g. Adjective: an exciting match Attributive clause: a match that is exciting Prepositional phrase: the book in my hand Attributive clause: the book that is in my hand

How? Attribute clauses are usually introduced by relative pronouns like which, who, that, whom and whose, or relative adverbs like where, why and when. Which: I saw an interesting movie yesterday. It is called Initial D. →The interesting movie that I saw yesterday is called Initial D. Who: The boy is standing against the wall. He is my best friend. →The boy who is standing against the wall is my best friend.

That: He is a famous writer. I have known him for many years. →He is the famous writer that I have known for many years. Whom: We saw a girl just now. She is a British exchange student. →The girl whom we saw just now is a British exchange student. Whose: The suspect’s hair is very short. The police didn’t find him. →The police didn’t find the suspect whose hair is very short.

Where: I lived in a small city when I was young. The city has changed a lot. →The city where I lived has changed a lot. Why: He lost his job. He had some different ideas with his boss. →The reason why he lost his job is that he had some different ideas with his boss. When: Jay was interviewed by a news reporter. It was 4:30 then. →It was 4:30 when Jay was interviewed by a news reporter.

Read the article on page 9 and underline the attributive clauses you find in the article. The answers are: He was the only boy who won the Gold Service Award in He then went to Oxford University where he pursued International and Intercultural studies. Some of the cities in China which he likes most are Shanghai, Harbin, and Beijing. Some of the books were gifts that he got from his Chinese friends and students. The paintings that David donated to the school are being displayed in the assembly hall.

Language points: pursue: 追赶, 追逐, 从事, 继续 The police are pursuing an escaped prisoner. She pursued the study of wild animals for many years. Upon doing… 一 … 就 … Upon answering the phone, he went out again. develop an interest 对 … 产生兴趣 donate v. donation n. 捐赠 Thanks to Mr. Lee’s donation, the students in the poor areas can go on with their study.

Now please read part 2 on page 8, try to understand the different functions of the relative pronouns. Look at the article again, can you tell the functions of the relative pronouns in the attributive clauses you found just now?

Exercises: Choose the proper relative pronouns to finish the following clauses: who, where, that, which, whose, whom 1.He would hire a man ________ they say is a good programmer. 2.He is a man _________ you can safely depend on. 3.The small town _________ he grew up as a child has turned into a big city. 4.The only thing _________ I can do is to wait. 5.This is the library __________ he loves best. 6.The man __________ mustache is grey is ninety years old now. whom who where that which/that whose

Assignments: Review the attributive clauses and relative pronouns. Finish Exercise 1 on Page 8, Workbook.