Monday, February 8 Fallacies Notes PAL BEG last article in packet. Start PAL BEG for another article in the packet.

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Logical Fallacies Logic = something that makes sense Fallacy = an argument that sounds true but isn’t necessarily the truth  Strategies and techniques used to persuade readers and viewers. Also know as: “faulty logic of reasoning”

The Bandwagon “Everyone’s doing it!” Example: Everyone wears “tommy” perfume, you should too!

Broad Generalization Making a general statement with too little evidence. Example: All teenagers spend too much time watching TV.

Oversimplification Making a complex issue seem really simple. Example: To be successful in life, you simply need a nice smile.

Testimonial/ Transfer-Association Using the opinion of someone who is not an expert or showing a famous person who “uses” the product. Example: Eva Longoria for beauty products.

Appeal to Emotion Playing on emotions to convince. Common emotions: fear, pity, ignorance, etc. Example: Without your help, this child will go hungry.

Circular Thinking Proving your point by saying it again. Example: Students should have a shorter school day so that they don’t have to be in school for as long.

Either Or Thinking Showing only two choices: this or that. Example: America-- Love it or leave it.

Name-Calling Labels or names given to viewers, listeners, and/or readers. Example: Any idiot can see that using this calling plan will save you money.

Card-Stacking Stacking your points to persuade viewers, listeners, and/or readers without offering the other side. Example: No money down, no interest, and no payments until Aug, 2007!

Plain Folks Writing, speaking, or advertising geared towards the “average Joe,” everyday person. Example: Everyday people like you use our toothpaste.

False Cause and Effect Assuming that because one event happens after another, the first event caused the second event. Example: “I never had allergies problems after I switched to hardwood floors.”