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2 Cellular Respiration Page 91 of your textbook Why does your body need food? To obtain energy rich sugar which supplies your body with glucose.

3 What is cellular respiration? Cellular Respiration is the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose which is a sugar. What happens during cellular respiration? Cells break down simple food molecules such as sugars The energy that they contain is released

4 Storing and releasing of energy Photosynthesis stores energy from the sun in the form of carbohydrates in cells. When cells need energy the carbohydrates are broken down in the process of cellular Respiration.

5 Respiration has two meanings One is to mean--breathing—to move air in and out of your lungs. Another is cellular respiration which is the process that takes place inside cells. Breathing does bring in oxygen which is usually necessary for cellular respiration

6 Two stages of Cellular Respiration First stage takes place in the cytoplasm of the organism’s cells. in the cytoplasm molecules of glucose are broken down into smaller molecules oxygen is not required only a small amount of energy is released.

7 Second Stage of Cellular Respiration Takes place in the mitochondria of the cell. The small molecules are broken down into smaller molecules. Chemical reactions require oxygen. Chemical reactions release a great deal of energy. Chemical reaction releases CO 2 and H 2 O

8 plant and animal cells

9 Where are the chloroplast? Where are the mitochondria? Where is the Cytoplasm? Which cell can carry out photosynthesis? Why? Which cell can carry out respiration? Why?

10 When you inhale you take in oxygen. You take in a raw material for cellular respiration. When you exhale you breathe out water (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). You release products of respiration.

11 Cellular Respiration Equation C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 --> 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy sugar oxygen carbon water dioxide Raw materials  products Does this equation look familiar?????

12 1. Where does the sugar or glucose come from? From the food we eat or consume 2. Where does the oxygen come from that is used in cellular respiration? From the air or water surrounding the cell.

13 Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration 1. They can be thought of as opposite processes. 2.The reactants of one are the products of the other. 3.Together these two process form a cycle that keeps the levels of oxygen (O 2 ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) fairly constant in Earth’s atmosphere.

14 Comparing and Contrasting photosynthesis and cellular respiration 1.Which process uses oxygen (O 2 )? Cellular respiration 2. Which process uses carbon dioxide (CO 2 )? Photosynthesis

15 Fermentation An energy releasing process that does NOT require oxygen. Provides energy for cells without using oxygen (O 2 ) The amount of energy released from each sugar molecule is much lower than during respiration.

16 Two types of Fermentation One is Alcoholic Fermentation The second is Lactic acid Fermentation.

17 Alcoholic Fermentation Carried out by yeast and some other single celled organisms Products are carbon dioxide (CO 2 )and a small amount of energy. Important to bakers and brewers Why?

18 Lactic Acid Fermentation Takes place in your body Muscle cells use up the oxygen (O 2 ) faster than it can be replaced Because your cells lacked oxygen (O 2 ) fermentation took place Your cells were provided with energy and lactic acid was produced When lactic acid builds up in your muscles you feel weak and sore.

19 I Promise to Do the following Study for your test on Friday Do not go to redo Do well the first time Do ALL of my home work to prevent staying, in after school detention.