Chapter 1, Section 2 A Brief History of Psychology Mr. Young 1 st and 6 th Period

Essential Question  Has the field of Psychology evolved over time and if it has, what has lead to this process?

I CAN:  Explain important trends in the history of Psychology  Identify various approaches to the study of Psychology  Analyze why Sigmund Freud smoked cigars  List and Explain the major reasons why most Psychologists had cool facial hair

The Origins of Psychology  Phrenology- practice of examining bumps on a person’s skull to determine that persons intellect and character trait  Psychology has molded from other sciences

Phrenology Video  m6_g&feature=related m6_g&feature=related m6_g&feature=related  3:30 minutes  t2c t2c t2c  1:20 movie clip

Historical Approaches 1.Structuralism 2.Functionalism 3.Inheritable Traits 4.Gestalt Psychology

1) Structuralism  A psychologist who studied the basic elements that make up conscious mental experiences  Wundt developed introspection, a method of self- observation in which participants report their thoughts and feelings

2) Functionalism  William James, taught at Harvard  Father of Psychology in America  Study how animals and people adapt to their environments

Psychology 101 Video  9Z_IE 9Z_IE 9Z_IE  1:10 min

3) Inheritable Traits  Sir Francis Galton  Understand how heredity influences a person’s abilities, characters, and behavior  A person’s heredity and environment interact to influence intelligence  Helped to create modern personality and IQ tests

Inheritable traits video  vTg vTg vTg  1:30 min

4) Gestalt Psychology  “Whole Pattern” means Gestalt  Argued that perception is more than the sum of its parts.  Forerunner for cognitive approaches to the study of psychology

Giuseppe Arcimboldo Autumn

Radio City Music Hall

Gestalt Theory  uf8 uf8 uf8  4:14 minutes

Contemporary Approaches 1.Psychoanalytic 2.Behavioral 3.Humanistic 4.Cognitive 5.Biological 6.Sociocultural Approach

1) Psychoanalytic  Sigmund Freud, more interested in unconscious mind  Believe that the unconscious mind controls your behavior  m/watch?v=AUB85lSj4 pM m/watch?v=AUB85lSj4 pM m/watch?v=AUB85lSj4 pM  2:30 min

Talking Theory Video  bnvs bnvs bnvs  Big Bang Theory (1:45 min)

2) Behavioral  Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson, B.F. Skinner  When you investigate observable behavior  Skinner- Reinforcement, response to behavior that will increase likelihood or repeated behavior

Ivan Pavlov Video  x_O8&feature=related x_O8&feature=related x_O8&feature=related  1:50 min  uzI uzI uzI  3:55 min

B.F. Skinner Video  A A A  3:58 min  lF4 lF4 lF4  Sheldon and Penny on Big Bang Theory  Zf3TM Zf3TM Zf3TM  Sheldon and Penny 2

3) Humanistic  Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers  Each person has freedom in directing his or her future and potential to develop  Emphasizes personal growth

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Video  _S70Q&feature=fvwrel _S70Q&feature=fvwrel _S70Q&feature=fvwrel  1 min

4) Cognitive  Jean Piaget, Norm Chomsky  Concerned with how thinking processes, such as intelligence and problem solving, can be used to deal with problems or to develop a healthy personality

5) Biological  Biological factors influence our behavior  Modern PET, MRI scans  Genetic factors influence a wide range of human behaviors

6) Sociocultural  Studies the social and cultural influence on behavior  Way we think, feel, behave may be linked to culture  Also concerned with issue of gender and socioeconomic status