Selected Lecture Materials from: 1310 World Geography 3310 Urban Geography 3309 US & Canada 4313 Environmental Management 5309 Land Management

1 st a Warm Up: NASA Satellite at Night Imagery AP Human Geography College-Level Goal #1: Use and think about maps and spatial data.

Built Environment reflects Core-Periphery Relationships Economy Culture Political influence

Industrialization and Economic Development

Cartogram: World Population

Cartogram: GDP

Population Economy The difference is development.

World Gross National Income (GNI) Per Capita

Development: “the process by which the political, social, and economic structures of a country are improved for the purpose of ensuring the well-being of its populace.”

United Nations Human Development Index, 2003

Income Equity Within Countries

Where did this approach to “development” come from?

Rostow’s Stages of Growth

Wallenstein's World Systems Theory

informal economy

formal economy

Primary resource extraction Secondary manufacturing Tertiary sales / distribution Quaternary information management Quinary multinationals, globalization Formal Economy: Economic Sectors

Primary resource extraction Secondary manufacturing Tertiary sales / distribution Quaternary information management Quinary multinationals, globalization Formal Economy: Economic Sectors

Wealth and Development accumulate (magnify) at every level: $$ $$$$ $$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Level of “development” depends heavily on how many “sectors” a country/region captures within its borders or realm of control.

Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary Raw Materials Labor Pre-Manufacturing Econ: Supply Geo: Periphery Manufacturing Sales / Services Information Mgmnt. Econ: Demand Geo: Core Global Economic Sectors and Neocolonialism Who is in control of the exchange?

Built Environment reflects Core-Periphery Relationships Economy Culture Political influence

Switzerland - MDC - import and export in all economic sectors Cote d’Ivoire - LDC - export: exclusively primary resources -imports: processed goods mostly via MDCs MDC / LDC Economic Scenarios Neo-Colonialism - control relationships that persist beyond formal period of colonization

Peru -LDC - export: exclusively primary resources - imports: processed goods mostly via MDCs - import and export in all economic sectors USA - MDC - import and export in all economic sectors

Single Commodity Economies

Globalization and Diversity 2e; Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff The Colonial World in 1914

Some of Development’s General Rules As economic development increases: - birth rates decline - death rate decline - growth rates decline - Doubling Time increases - life expectancy increases - educational attainment increases - urbanization increases - civil unrest declines - Recognition of Human Rights proliferates

Less Developed

Developing

Developed and Negative Growth

developed developing less developed United States

Aging in Europe: - core-periphery relationship - rural to urban migration - immigration exchange

Globalization and Diversity 2e; Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff The Demographic Transition BR & DR high; Low to no pop. growth DR drops due to improved food supply, sanitation; pop. rises BR drops due to urbanization, education; pop. rises BR, DR low; Low to no pop. growth; population high

Development: The process by which the political, social, and economic structures of a country are improved for the purpose of ensuring the well-being of its populace.

Growth of World Cities (2000 – 2015)