WWII - Introduction: Most devastating war in human history 55 million dead 1 trillion dollars Began in 1939 as strictly a European Conflict Widened to include most of the world

Remember: Celebration Time Cheering the end of world war I, on Nov. 11, The long, horrible war had taken the lives of nearly 10 million soldiers.

Germany After WWI

Third Reich Nationalist imperialism –Continental empire –Autarky –Elimination of non- Germans –Elimination of enemies

The Empire of Japan –Autarky –Security –Expanding buffer zones Anti-imperialist imperialism –Nationalist destiny –“ Asia for the Asians ”

How It Began Lots of factors WWI leftovers Germany defeated in and had to pay cost of war. In huge economic depression Italy victorious but wanted more territory Japan victorious but wanted China Outside factors…

What Were These Outside Factors? Germany reduced size Organized League of Nations French and Britain unsure U.S. isolationist

Fascism in Europe Mussolini - “ Il Duce ” : 1922 –Invasion of Ethiopia Hitler - “ Fuhrer ” : Chancellor of Germany –Nazi Third Reich replaces Weimar Republic. –Promise of German economic recovery. –Beginnings of the Holocaust. –German rearmament begins. Spanish Civil War ’ s –Generalissimo Francisco Franco supported by fascists. Agreement permits Germany to rebuild Navy Remilitarization of the Rhineland –German rejection of the Treaty of Versailles.

Rise of Hitler Nazi Party organized, 1920s Nazi party largest in Germany, 1932 Hitler voted as chancellor, 1933 New parliament created 450, 000 members Larger than German army

Adolf Hitler “ Fuhrer ”

Hitler Gets Busy Gestapo Created -- April, 1933 Jewish Boycott – April, 1933 Jewish Books Banned & Burned – May, ,000 People in Camps – July, ,000 People in Camps – 1938 Illegal to Leave Germany – October, 1941

German Territorial Gains Austria – March, 1938 Border of Czechoslovakia – Sept., 1938 All of Czechoslovakia – March, 1939 Poland – Sept., 1939 By Summer of 1940, Germany Controlled Most of Europe World shocked as France falls to Germans

Beginnings of War in Europe German annexation of Austria (Anschluss) - March Munich Crisis - September – Czechoslovakia ’ s German-speaking Sudetenland. Appeasement of Hitler by Western leaders. British Prime Minister Chamberlain: “ Peace in our time. ” German occupation of Czechoslovakia - March Italian occupation of Albania - April Guarantee of protection of Poland: Britain and France. –March 1939 (Also Holland and Belgium.) Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact - August 1939 –Non-aggression treaty between Soviet Union and Germany.

Start of World War II Germany's dictator, Adolf Hitler, had built Germany into a powerful war machine. World War II began on Sept. 1, 1939, when Germany invaded Poland.

War in Europe Invasion of Poland: Blitzkrieg - September 1939 –Tanks and Stuka dive bombers. –Soviet occupation of eastern Poland.. May Invasion of Netherlands, Belgium, and France. –Maginot Line proves ineffective to maneuver warfare. –Chamberlain yields office of Prime Minister to Churchill Battle of Britain - Summer –Operation Sea Lion - planned German invasion of England. Soviet annexation of Baltic States: June Soviet invasion of Finland - November German invasion of Soviet Union - June –Operation Barbarossa

Germany Allies Stalin and the Soviet Union, 1939 Betrayed by 1941 Mussolini and Italy, 1939 Off and on betrayed until Italian defeat in 1943

Axis Powers Germany, Italy, and Japan formed an alliance known as the Axis. Six other nations eventually joined the Axis.

Alliance That Changes War Germany “ allies ” with Japan Japan was “ China Hungry ” Japanese angry over U.S. support of China Agreed to peace negotiations with U. S.

Japanese Imperialism in Asia Expansion - Natural Resources –Formosa (Taiwan) - Annexed: 1895 –Korea - Protectorate: 1905 Annexed: 1910 –Invasion of Manchuria –War with China USS Panay sunk on Yangtze River. Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Tse-tung. –Occupation of French Indochina Embargo of oil and other natural resources - July –U.S., Great Britain, and the Netherlands. General Tojo: Military government installed - October 1941.

Hirohito Emperor of Japan World War II

Pearl Harbor Dec. 7, 1941

Damages

Allies United: U.S.S.R, England and The U.S.

Normandy Invasion, D-Day

General Eisenhower Speaks Talking to his men, general Dwight D. Eisenhower, commander of the Normandy invasion, wished paratroopers luck before they dropped behind German lines in France on d-day.

D-Day - June 6, 1944 Landing on Normandy Beach It was the largest sea borne invasion in history.

The Air War During world war II the B-24 bombers were used to strike factories, railroads, and other industrial targets.

Some Casualties of World War II Prisoners Homeless

Germany Surrenders May 7, 1945

Germany At The End Of WWII