1. WORLD WAR II
CAUSES & EFFECTS

2. CAUSES IN ASIA
Militaristic Japan was overcrowded and needed raw materials
Japan invaded Manchuria (NE China, industrial) in 1931; Fighting through 1938

3. CAUSES IN EUROPE
Great Depression- Hitler blames Jews for economic troubles

4. CAUSES IN EUROPE
1933 Nazis control government and begin persecuting Jews; “Final Solution”- policy of mass extermination of Jews enacted by 1939

5. CAUSES IN EUROPE Rise of Fascism in Germany and Italy
Fascism- emphasizes loyalty to the state, obedience to a leader, promise to revive economy, punish those who brought hard times, restore nation’s pride; extreme nationalism, uniforms common
Fascism is not a clearly defined theory or program
Mussolini in Italy; Hitler in Germany; Franco in Spain

6. CAUSES IN EUROPE
Civil War in Spain- Hitler & Mussolini help Fascist leader Franco win
Hitler and Mussolini’s desire to expand empires/conquer land
Mussolini invaded Ethiopia

7. CAUSES IN EUROPE Germany, Italy, Japan became allies- Axis Powers
Hitler invaded the Rhineland (on French border), then Czechoslovakia; annexes Austria (Anschluss)

8. CAUSES IN EUROPE Munich conference failed to appease Hitler
Hitler invaded Poland (1939)
Cartoon- David Low, Evening Standard (10th October, 1938)

9. WORLD WAR II ( )
Allies (France, Great Britain, Soviet Union, U.S.) v.
Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, Japan)

10. WORLD WAR II ( )
1939 Hitler (Germany) and Stalin (Soviet Union) sign a non-aggression pact- agreement to not fight each other (secretly agree to divide Poland)
1939 Germany invades Poland (blitzkrieg); Britain and France declare war on Germany

11. WORLD WAR II (1939-1945) 1940 France surrenders- Nazis occupy France
Battle of Britain begins- Germany bombs Britain, fails to defeat Britain
1941 Germany invades Soviet Union- Soviet Union joins Allies

12. WORLD WAR II ( )
1941 Japanese attack Pearl Harbor, Hawaii- U.S. enters war
1942 Allies invaded North Africa
1943 Germans surrendered at Stalingrad (Soviet Union)

13. WORLD WAR II ( )
June 1944 D-Day - Allies invade France and defeat Germans
Dec Battle of the Bulge- Allies invade and occupy Germany
Hitler died:
May Germany surrenders- war ends in Europe

14. WORLD WAR II ( )
Aug U.S. drops atomic bombs on Japan- Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Sept Japan surrenders- war ends in Asia

15. EFFECTS
Holocaust- Six million Jews die in death camps and Nazi massacres

16. EFFECTS
Japanese Americans are imprisoned in internment camps (30,00+)
Atomic bombs in Japan kill 110,500
60 million dead total from war; 50 million uprooted from their homes
Billions of dollars in property damage

17. EFFECTS Communist Parties grow in France and Italy
Nuremberg Trials- charge 22 Nazi leaders with war crimes; 12 sentenced to death
U.S. occupies and demilitarizes Japan; Japan adopts new constitution

18. EFFECTS
U.S. and the Soviet Union compete to influence and rebuild Europe
Cold War- period of conflict between U.S. and the Soviet Union