1. Chapter 11 Section 1
Paths to War

2. A. The German Path to War WWII began w/ the ideas of Adolf Hitler
Hitler believed Germans descended from Aryans
Aryans superior to all other races
Hitler wanted to create the Third Reich, an all-Aryan empire
Hitler wanted to take over Eastern Europe and recolonize w/ Germans

3. The First Steps
After WWI, Germany’s military power and territory limited by Treaty of Versailles
March 9, 1935, Hitler announced the creation of a new German air force (violation of treaty)
A week later, he increased army from 100,000 to 550,000 (violation of treaty)
Fr., and Br., condemned Hitler, but didn’t want to go to war
March 7, 1936, Hitler invaded the Rhineland, a demilitarized zone in Germany (violation of treaty)

4. Br. began to practice policy of appeasement
Giving into demands of an aggressive nations in order to satisfy them

5. New Alliances
Mussolini wanted to create an Italian Empire in Mediterranean
1935, they invaded Ethiopia
This angered Br. And Fr.
1936, Germany and Italy sent troops to help Franco in Spain
Later that year, Germany and Italy allied together called the Rome-Berlin Axis
Same year, Germany and Japan signed anti-comintern pact to fight communism

6. Union With Austria
By 1937, Germany out of depression and a world power
1938, Hitler announced plan to take Austria
Called the Anschluss or union
Hitler replaced Austrian leaders w/ Nazis and annexed Austria
Demands and Appeasement
Sept 1938, Hitler demanded that he be given the Sudetenland
German-speaking portion of Czechoslovakia
Br. And Fr. Met w/ Hitler at Munich
Br. And Fr. Agreed to give Germany the Sudetenland
Hitler promised that would be the last of his demands

8. Great Britain and France React
Hitler was convinced no one would stop him now
1939, Hitler took over Moravia, and Bohemia in Western Czech.
Next, Hitler wanted the port of Danzig in Poland
Br. And Fr. Offered to protect Poland
Hitler and Soviets
Br. And Fr. Hoped USSR would join them against Germany
Aug., 23, 1939, Hitler made a non-aggression pact w/ Stalin
Promised to invade Poland and split it w/ USSR
Sept., 1 Hitler invade Poland
Br. And Fr. Declare war

9. B. The Japanese Path to War
Japan had invade Manchuria for natural resources
League of Nations sent investigators to examine the situation
When the League condemned Japan, they withdrew from the League
The Japanese renamed it Manchukuo
By the 1930s, the military ruled Japan

10. War With China
Chiang Kai-shek tried to avoid Japanese so he could deal w/ communists
He allowed Japanese to control Manchuria
As Japan invaded further south, Chinese began to protest
1936, Chiang organized resistance against Japanese
1937, Chinese and Japanese fight at Beijing
Japanese seized capital of Nanjing, Chiang Kai-shek had to move the capital

11. The New Asian Order
Japan wanted to control China, and Manchuria
Called the New Order
Japan still needed resources and faced a dilemma:
Take over Soviet Siberia in the north=risk angering Hitler
Take over Southern China=risk angering the U.S.
Japan decides to invade French Indochina
U.S. warned Japan that it would apply economic sanctions against them
U.S. giving scrap metal and oil to Japan, which it badly needed
Japan began to plan a military attack on the U.S. (Pearl Harbor)