Meter Stick Balance Spring Scale Graduated Cylinder Mass/Volume Sand Meter Stick Balance Spring Scale Graduated Cylinder Mass/Volume Thermometer

Learning Check What are some U.S. units that are used to measure each of the following? A. length B. volume C. weight D. temperature

Solution Some possible answers are A. length inch, foot, yard, mile B. volume cup, teaspoon, gallon, pint, quart C. weight ounce, pound (lb), ton D. temperature °F

Stating a Measurement In every measurement there is a Number followed by a Unit from a measuring device The number should also be as precise as the measurement!

---The Universal Language of Measurement--- The Metric System ---The Universal Language of Measurement--- Metric System – scientists & engineers use this language to communicate The metric system is often referred to as the International System of Units (abbreviated “SI”). The metric system is based on the number 10 and multiples of 10.

Some Tools for Measurement Which tool(s) would you use to measure: A. temperature B. volume C. time D. weight

Mass a measure of the amount of matter in an object Kilogram – the basic unit of mass in the metric system 1 kg = 1000 grams

Weight a measure of the attraction between two objects due to gravity Gravity - a force of attraction between two masses. The strength of the gravitational force between two objects depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them: The greater the mass, the greater the gravitational force. The greater the distance between the two objects, the weaker the gravitational force between them. Newton (N) - the basic unit of weight in the metric system.

Mass vs. Weight An object has a universal mass, but may have different weight depending on gravity. The mass of an object does not change. The weight of an object changes as a result of changes in gravity. Weight is only present with gravity. A pineapple on earth weighs more than on the moon because the earth’s gravity is greater. But the pineapple’s mass always remains the same wherever you go (unless you get hungry and eat it!).

Answer is all of the riders added together!! Think in columns

Volume The amount of space an object takes up Liter – is the basic unit of volume in the metric system 1 Liter = 1 L Milliliters and Liters are used to measure the volume of liquids Cubic centimeters – is the metric unit used to measure the volume of solids A cubic centimeter is equal to the volume of a cube that measures 1 cm by 1 cm by 1 cm (cm3). 1cm A volume of a cubic centimeter (cm3) is exactly equal to the volume of one milliliter. 1cm 1cm = 1 cm3 = 1 mL

The instrument used to measure volume is a graduated cylinder.

Meniscus The curve in the top surface of the water in a graduated cylinder.

Read the ml marking at the bottom of the curve. What is the proper way to read a meniscus? Read the ml marking at the bottom of the curve.

How much fluid is in this cylinder?

How much fluid is in this cylinder?

How much fluid is in this cylinder?

How much fluid is in this cylinder?

Volume of an irregular shaped object Start with a known amount of water. Slowly drop the object into the cylinder. Measure just how much the water goes up.

What is the volume of this object?

Density a measure of the amount of matter that occupies a unit certain volume Density = mass/volume (units are usually g/mL) The density of water = 1.00 g/mL This means that one gram of water occupies one milliliter of volume. The density of oil = 0.91 g/mL If lighter fluids float on heavier fluids, do you expect water to float on oil?

Sand grains If the human body is nearly 70% water, is it possible to float in quicksand? Should you get worried?

Length The distance between two points Meter – the basic unit of length in the metric system 1 meter = 1 m

Using a Ruler

The Distance between the two lines is one centimeter (cm)

The Distance between the two lines is one millimeter (mm)

What is the distance between the two lines ?

What is the distance between the two lines ? 5 cm

Temperature a measure of how hot or cold something is Celsius = a unit of temperature in the metric system Water freezes at 0° C. Water boils at 100° C. Normal body temperature is 37° C Room temperature is 21° C.

Temperature Conversions ! Celsius to Fahrenheit F=(C x 9/5) + 32 Fahrenheit to Celsius C=(F-32) x 5/9

What is the temperature?

What is the temperature?

What is the temperature?

Metric Prefixes Prefix Symbol Meaning kilo- k 1000 thousand hecto- h 200 hundred deka- da 10 ten deci- d 0.1 tenth centi- c 0.01 hundredth milli- m 0.001 thousandth

Some Tools for Measurement Which tool(s) would you use to measure: A. temperature B. volume C. time D. weight

Learning Check M L M V Match L) length M) mass V) volume ____ A. A bag of tomatoes is 4.6 kg. ____ B. A person is 2.0 m tall. ____ C. A medication contains 0.50 g Aspirin. ____ D. A bottle contains 1.5 L of water. M L M V

Learning Check Select the unit you would use to measure 1. Your height a) millimeters b) meters c) kilometers 2. Your mass a) milligrams b) grams c) kilograms 3. The distance between two cities a) millimeters b) meters c) kilometers 4. The width of an artery

Solution 1. Your height b) meters 2. Your mass c) kilograms 3. The distance between two cities c) kilometers 4. The width of an artery a) millimeters