1. Measurement

2. Systems of Measurement
English system: what the US typically uses to measure
SI system: what the scientific community uses to measure
~ also known as the metric system
~ based upon the number 10

3. LENGTH use a ruler to measure
English system: inches, feet, yard, miles
SI system: meter (m), centimeter (cm), millimeter (mm), kilometer (km)

4. MASS amount of matter in an object use a balance to measure
English system: pound, ounce
SI system: gram (g), milligram (mg), kilogram (kg)

5. 132.5 g
133.3 g
34.5 g
150.5 g

6. VOLUME how much space something takes up
use a ruler OR graduated cylinder -overflow can to measure
English system: quarts, pints, gallons, cubic inches (in3), cubic feet (ft3)
SI system: cubic centimeters (cm3), milliliters (mL)

7. ways to calculate volume
regular volume (flat sides): rectangular or cubed object
formula: length x width x height
~ doesn’t matter which order
~ answer will be cubed (to the third power)
ex: 3 cm x 4 cm x 2 cm = 24 cm3

8. 10.3 cm
13.7 cm
0.9 cm
4.7 cm

9. use the displacement method
irregular volume: object without flat sides
use the displacement method
~ find out how much space the object takes up (volume) by “displacing” a certain amount of water
done with a graduated cylinder (if small) or overflow can (if large)
resulting answer will be in mL
*** 1 cm3 = 1 mL ***

10. Graduated Cylinder method
Place enough water in the cylinder so object will be covered completely once placed in the cylinder.
Read the volume of water in the cylinder.
Place object in the cylinder.
Read the new volume of water in the cylinder.
Subtract the two volume readings to find your volume of the object.

11. 14 mL
12 mL
16 mL
14 mL

12. Overflow Can Method Fill water to the very lip of the overflow spout.
Place an empty graduated cylinder under the overflow spout.
Place the object in the can and catch the water flowing out in the graduated cylinder.
Read the amount of water in the graduated cylinder.
~ the amount in the graduated cylinder IS the volume of your object

13. WEIGHT measures the force of gravity on an object’s mass
use a scale to measure
will be different at different locations
~ 120 lbs on Earth would be 20 lbs on the Moon
~ in space, there’s no gravity so there’s no weight!

14. DENSITY amount of matter in a given amount of space
***important identifying characteristic of materials
formula: mass / volume

15. ex: an object has a mass of 5 g and a volume of 10 cm3
D = m / v
D = 5 grams / 10 cm3
D = 0.5 g/cm3

16. ex: an object has a mass of 5 g and a volume of 10 mL
D = m / v
D = 5 grams / 10 mL
D = 0.5 g/mL