1. Overview of Metric System
System of measure used by scientists around the world
Uses prefixes and suffixes
Suffixes
Meter – tells us we are measuring distance, L,W,H
Liter – tells us we are measuring liquid volume
Gram – tells us we are measuring mass
Prefixes
Kilo = 1000
Hecto = 100
Deka = 10
Deci = 1/10
Centi = 1/ 100
Milli = 1 / 1000

2. Distance Measures length, width, and height
Distance is measured in centimeters (cm) and millimeters
(mm)
Meter sticks and rulers are tools used for measuring distance
10 mm equal 1 cm. This allows to quickly change from mm to cm and back.
To move from mm to cm, move decimal one place left.
Example – 10.0 mm = 1.0 cm
To move from cm to mm, move decimal one place right
Example – 1.0 cm = 10.0 mm

3. Volume Volume measures how much space something occupies
There are three types of volume:
Volume of a liquid – (ml)
Volume of solids – (cm cubed)
Volume of a straight sided solids
Volume of an irregularly shaped solids

4. Liquid Volume Measures how much space a liquid occupies
Liquid volume is measured in milliliters (ml)
Graduated cylinders and beakers are tools used to measure liquid volume
Graduated cylinders are graduated or marked so that we can measure liquid volume
The top of a liquid in a graduated cylinder will bend slightly. This is called a Meniscus Line. Always read a meniscus line from its lowest point

5. Volume of Straight Sided Solids
Measures how much space a straight sided object takes up
Equation to find volume:
Length x Width x Height
Volume of solid object is always cubed
Volume of the cube below equals: 5 x 5 x 5 = 125 cm cubed

6. Volume of irregularly shaped solids
Displacement Volume
Found by submerging the object in water.
The amount of water that is moved, or displaced, tells us the volume of the object
A graduated cylinder or beaker is required
Equation is:
Final Water Level - Initial Water Level = Volume of object in ml
Convert ml to cm cubed: 1 ml = 1 cm cubed

7. Mass Measures how much something weighs Mass is measured in grams
Electronic scales are a tool used to measure mass

8. Perimeter, Area, Volume P = S + S + S + S A = S x S
(add all sides of object)
P = = 20 cm
A = S x S
(always squared)
A = 5 x 5 = 25 cm squared
V = Length X Width X Height
(volume is always cubed for solids)
V = 5 x 5 x 5 = 125 cm cubed

9. Metric Prefixes
kilo
hecto
deka
m,g,l
deci
centi
milli k h dk m d c
1000
100 10 1 .1
.01
.001
Prefixes can be used with all three measuring root words: meter (distance), liter (liquid volume), gram (mass)
Example: kilometer, hectoliter, centigram
As you move left numbers get larger, as you move right numbers get smaller

10. Metric Conversions Use the metric ladder as your guide
Find your starting point and you end point on the ladder
Count the number of spaces to move from your starting point to your end point
Decide if you moved right or left on the ladder
Move the decimal the same number of spaces that you moved and in the direction that you moved
Example to covert from millimeter to decimeter you would move the decimal point two places to the left
100 mm equals 1.00 dm
kilo
hecto
deka
m, g, l
deci
centi
milli

11. Temperature Measures how hot or cold something is
Temperature is measured in degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit
Thermometers are a tool used to measure temperature

12. Temperature Scales Celsius Scale 0 is freezing and 100 is boiling
Fahrenheit Scale
32 is freezing and 212 is boiling

13. Temperature Conversions
Celsius to Fahrenheit
F = (C x 1.8) + 32
Fahrenheit to Celsius
C = ( F - 32 ) / 1.8