World War I ( ) World War II ( ) In what ways were they connected? How is it like dominoes? video video 2

How did all this come about? The Triple Alliance: Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary The Triple Entente: France, Russia, Britain Each European power guarded their status Status = high standing, rank, or prestige

The Triple Alliance: Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary The Triple Entente: France, Russia, Britain The intended purpose of an alliance was to promote peace by creating powerful combinations that no one would dare attack. In the end, they had the opposite effect!

How did it all begin?

Each European power guarded their status British Empire x 10 people and x 100 the area Plus Two old empires struggling to survive Austria- Hungary Ottoman- Turkey “The sun never sets on the British Empire.”

Economic Rivalries Germany was the newest of the great powers Rapidly becoming economic and military powerhouse German Confederation (gray) around 1820 Prussia (blue) Austria-Hungary (yellow)

Economic Rivalries Each time Germany did something to gain territory or influence, Britain and France would strengthen their ties against Germany German navy begins to rival Britain’s -new weapons matched-

The military paints war in romantic colors… blaring trumpets, dashing cavalry charges

German pride in their new empire’s military power and industrial leadership German pride in their new empire’s military power and industrial leadership Russia sponsors Pan-Slavism, dreams of creating a South Slav state Russia sponsors Pan-Slavism, dreams of creating a South Slav state

Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary visits Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia Ferdinand was heir to throne in Austria. Many Serbia nationalists angry about his visit.

Austria issues ultimatum ! To avoid war, Serbia must…  End all anti-Austrian agitation  Punish any Serbian official involved in the plot  Allow Austria to join in the investigation Serbia agrees to most, but not all, of the terms of Austria’s ultimatum

July 28, 1914 Austria declares war on Serbia Alliances Kick In “The fuse has been lit!”

The Triple Alliance: Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary The Triple Entente: France, Russia, Britain THE CENTRAL POWERS: Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary The ALLIES: France, Russia, Britain

CountryAllied WithReasons for Entering War Austria- Hungary Germany Wanted to punish Serbia for encouraging terrorism GermanyAustria-Hungary Stood by its one dependable ally, Austria- Hungary SerbiaRussia Attacked by Austria-Hungary after assassination of Archduke Russia Serbia, France, Britain Wanted to defend Slavic peoples in Serbia FranceRussia and Britain Wanted to avoid facing Germany alone at a later date BelgiumNeutralInvaded by Germany BritainFrance and RussiaOutraged by invasion of Belgium

“Get ‘er done!” Countries wanted quick response Most marched through neutral countries in order to encircle and crush the opposition New Weapons & Trench Warfare Military leaders insisted they mobilize forces immediately to accomplish their military goals. This made negotiations next to impossible!

Russia Revolution in 1917 forces their withdrawal from the war The Communist Party takes control of Russia shortly thereafter Following the war, Treaty of Versailles is signed and the conflict stops

Treaty of Versailles is very hard on Germany- forced to disarm, give up territory, and pay war damages to Allies Picking up the pieces: millions of men, women & children die, and entire cities destroyed European map changes Germany changes from monarchy to republic