Chapter One Anatomy and Physiology Study Guide Jay Bailey

Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body

Anatomy is? Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body The study of the body structure Physiology is? The study of how the body functions

Pathophysiology is? Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body The study of disorders of functioning

The body is organized in structural and functional levels of increasing complexity. Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body Name the four levels of organization. Chemicals, Cells, Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems “Levels of Organization”

Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body Name the two major categories of chemicals. Inorganic and Organic “Levels of Organization”

Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body “Chemicals” Chemicals that are simple molecules of one or two elements (other than carbon) are called? Inorganic Chemicals that are very complex (and contain carbon and hydrogen) are called? Organic

Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body Cells are the largest living units of structure and function. True or False False : Cells are the smallest living units of structure and function. “Cells”

A tissue is a group of cells Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body “Tissues” How many groups of tissues are there? Four

Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body “Tissues” What are the four groups of tissues? Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, and Nerve

Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body “Tissues” Epithelial Tissues do what? Cover or line body surfaces Connective tissues do what? Connect and support parts of the body Muscle Tissues do what? Contraction, and movement Nerve tissues do what? Generate and transmit electrochemical impulses

An organ is a group of tissues precisely arranged so as to accomplish specific functions. Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body Name four examples of an organ. Kidneys, Liver, Lungs, and Stomach “Organs”

An organ system is a group of organs that all contribute to a particular function. Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body Name three examples of an organ system. Urinary, Digestive, Respiratory “Organ systems”

Terms and Definitions Chapter One Chapter One Terminology and general plan of the body Axillary Armpit “Body Parts and Areas” Brachial Upper Arm Buccal (Oral) Mouth Cardiac Heart Cervical Neck Cranial Head

Terms and Definitions Chapter One Chapter One Terminology and general plan of the body Cutaneous Skin “Body Parts and Areas” Deltoid Shoulder Femoral Thigh Frontal Forehead Gastric Stomach Gluteal Buttocks

Terms and Definitions Chapter One Chapter One Terminology and general plan of the body Hepatic Liver “Body Parts and Areas” Iliac Hip Inguinal Groin Lumbar Small of back Mammary Breast Nasal Nose

Terms and Definitions Chapter One Chapter One Terminology and general plan of the body Occipital Back of head “Body Parts and Areas” Orbital Eye Parietal Crown of head Patellar Kneecap Pectoral Chest Perineal Pelvic Floor

Terms and Definitions Chapter One Chapter One Terminology and general plan of the body Plantar Sole of foot “Body Parts and Areas” Popliteal Back of knee Pulmonary Lungs Renal Kidney Sacral Base of spine Temporal Side of head

Terms and Definitions Chapter One Chapter One Terminology and general plan of the body Umbilical Navel “Body Parts and Areas” Volar (palmar) Palm

Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body When describing relative locations, the body is always assumed to be in the ________ position. anatomic “Terms of location and position”

Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body Name the two major cavities. Dorsal (posterior) and Ventral (anterior) “Body Cavities and their Membranes”

Dorsal Cavity Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body The Dorsal cavity contains the central nervous system and consist of what two cavities? Cranial and Spinal “Body Cavities and their Membranes”

Dorsal Cavity Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body The cranial cavity is formed by the _______ and contains the _______. skull “Body Cavities and their Membranes” brain The spinal cavity is formed by the _____________ and contains the ____________. Backbone (spine) Spinal cord

Dorsal Cavity Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body The membranes that line these cavities and cover the brain and spinal cord are called the ___________. meninges “Body Cavities and their Membranes”

Ventral Cavity Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body The ventral cavity consist of what two compartments? Thoracic and Abdominal (separated by the diaphragm) “Body Cavities and their Membranes”

Ventral Cavity Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body Organs in the thoracic cavity include the _______ and ______, and the membranes of the thoracic cavity are serous membranes called the _______ membranes. heart “Body Cavities and their Membranes” lungs pleural

Ventral Cavity Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body Organs in the abdominal cavity includes the ______, ________ and __________. liver “Body Cavities and their Membranes” stomach intestines The membranes of the abdominal cavity are also serous membranes called the ____________ and ___________. peritoneum mesentery

Ventral Cavity Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body “Body Cavities and their Membranes” Within the pelvic cavity are the ________ bladder and ____________ organs. urinary reproductive The pelvic cavity is inferior to the abdominal cavity.

Terms and Definitions Chapter One Chapter One Terminology and general plan of the body Superior Above, higher “Terms of Location and Position” Inferior Below, lower Anterior Toward the front Posterior Toward the back Ventral Toward the front Dorsal Toward the back

Terms and Definitions Chapter One Chapter One Terminology and general plan of the body Medial Toward the midline “Terms of Location and Position” Lateral Away from the midline Internal Within, or interior to External Outside, or exterior to Superficial Toward the surface Deep Within, or interior to

Terms and Definitions Chapter One Chapter One Terminology and general plan of the body Central The main part “Terms of Location and Position” Peripheral Extending from the main part Proximal Closer to the origin Distal Farther from the origin Parietal Pertaining to the wall of a cavity Visceral Pertaining to the organs within a cavity

When internal anatomy is described, the body or an organ is often cut or sectioned in a specific way so as to make particular structures easily visible. Chapter One Chapter One Organization and general plan of the body There are five sections (planes), name them. Frontal (or Coronal) Sagittal Transverse Cross Longitudinal “Planes and Sections”

Chapter One Chapter One Terminology and general plan of the body Frontal Separates front & back parts Sagittal Separates right & left parts Transverse Separates upper & lower parts Cross A section perpendicular to the long axis Longitudinal A section along the long axis “Planes and Sections” Give definitions for the five listed sections below:

Umbilical Hypochondriac Epigastric Hypogastric lliac Lumbar Pick area before clicking, one at a time. “Areas of the Abdomen” The abdomen is a large area of the lower trunk of the body

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