Industrial Revolution Lecture pt. II Transitions in the Manufacturing of Goods

The Cottage Industry ► During the years of Absolute Monarchy, production was very limited and goods were not widely accessible ► Production took place in peoples homes and they relied on a merchant to supply them with materials ► This was known as The Cottage Industry

The Cottage Industry ► The Merchant would own a store in town that sold goods; example clothing. ► The merchants steps to produce clothing 1. First Stop: Sheep farm to get wool 2. Second Stop: Thread spinner’s house 3. Third Stop: Fabric weaver’s house 4. Fourth Stop: Sewer’s house ► Once the clothing was made, the merchant would bring it back to his store in town

The Cottage System ► This system was an early form of capitalism, in which there was private ownership, competition, and profit ► As populations were growing this system could not meet the demands for goods ► New inventions were making it easier to produce textiles without having to go from home to home ► The political revolutions resulted in people having the freedom to produce and exchange goods for profit

New Inventions in Textiles 1. Spinning Jenny- invented by James Hargreaves -spin wool to produce yarn -reduced the amount of labor it took to produce -A single machine could spin 8 spools at one time 2. Power Loom -invented by Edmund Cartwright -weave yarn or thread into fabrics -increased the rate of production of fabrics - machines had to be powered by water

The Impact of New Inventions ► These new machines were too big for the usually small cottages ► Merchants had to provide a place for these new machines and then employ people to work them ► These places had to be located close to power sources such as water or coal ► This was the beginning of the factory system

Effects of the New Textile Industry 1. Mass produced goods to meet the growing population needs 2. Dramatically lowered prices and goods became more affordable 3. Urbanization- people left their villages to find work in factories which led to the growth of cities 4. Created a new social class in society called the working class