Schools of Psychology & Founders. Psychology The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

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Presentation transcript:

Schools of Psychology & Founders

Psychology The scientific study of behavior and mental processes

Structuralism: Wilhelm Wundt Interested in the basic elements of the human experience Introspection: Reporting your thoughts in a controlled situation My psychology teacher is weird

Functionalism: William James Actions of conscious mind & goals of behavior Functionalists study how animals adapt to their environments Father of U.S. psychology

Sir Francis Galton Coined the principle of nature vs. nurture Examines abilities people are born with

Psychoanalytic Psychology: Sigmund Freud Unconscious motivations/ conflicts are responsible for most human behavior

Behavioralists: Study how organisms learn or modify their behavior based on their response to events in the environment.

Ivan Pavlov: Famous for his experiments on dogs.

John Watson Known for his experiment on baby Albert.

B.F. Skinner: introduced the concept of reinforcement Reinforcement : A response to a behavior that increases the likelihood of it being repeated

Humanists: Maslow & Rogers Believe that each person has freedom in directing his or her future and achieving personal growth People are unique

Abraham Maslow Became known for his hierarchy of needs.

Carl Rogers Person- centered therapy

Cognitive Psychology: Piaget Focus on how the brain processes, stores and uses info. and how that influences people’s thinking

Biological Psychology Psychobiologists: Study how physical and chemical changes in our bodies influence our behavior.

Gestalt Psychology: Kohler & Koffka Studied how sensations are assembled into parts Gestalt means “whole pattern”

Sociocultural Psychology Studies the influence of cultural and ethnic similarities and differences on behavior and social functioning