Miss Loock SHMD 119 Sport Didactics & Coaching Unit 13 1

Index of Chapter: 2 1. How the Body Works 2. Fitness for Sport and Physical Training 3. Coach’s Role in Physical Training 4. Training Principles

The Framework Body consists of 206 bones Body consists of 100 joints Important: Get reserved notes! 3

The Power The power to move comes from 640 muscles Important: Get reserved notes! 4

5 The heart is also a muscle beating times a day Heart pumps blood to every part of the body The energy our bodies need comes from food that is converted into chemical energy by digestive system The brain, spinal cord and nervous system controls movement

6 Physical fitness in sport is the ability to meet the physical demands of the sport to perform optimally Physical fitness is not a permanent condition, it is a state that the body is in at any particular time

7 Benefits of Training: Better performance Less fatigue in long-duration contests Quicker recovery after strenuous practice Less muscle soreness

8 Components of Physical Fitness Energy Fitness Anaerobic Energy System Aerobic Energy System Muscular Fitness Muscular Fitness is the ability of the muscles to meet the demands of the sport with optimal strength, endurance, speed, power and flexibility Muscular Strength is the maximum amount of fore that a muscle can generate in a single effort Muscular Endurance is the ability of muscle to repeatedly contract or sustain a continues contraction involving less than maximum force

9 Components of Physical Fitness Muscular Fitness Speed is the ability to move the body or parts of it very quickly Reaction Time is the period from when a stimulus is perceived to the beginning of the movement Movement Time is the period from the beginning or the movement to the end of the movement Muscular Power is the ability to exert muscular strength quickly

10 Components of Physical Fitness Muscular Fitness Flexibility is the range of motion through which the body’s joints are able to move Balance refers to the ability to maintain a certain posture or to move without falling Agility is the ability to start, stop and change direction and speed very quickly and with precision

11 Know the physiology and training methods Determine the physical demands of your sport Assess the fitness of your athletes Benefits of fitness testing: It identifies individual differences in each component of physical fitness It helps predict performance potential It helps you guide athletes to the best positions or events for them It allows you to assess athletes’ progress as they train

12 Design a physical training program Make decision on the following six variables: Choice of exercise Order of exercise Intensity of exercise Volume of exercise Frequency of exercise Length or rest period Educate athlete about the training program Conduct the training program

13 Specify principle The best way to develop physical fitness for your sport is to train as closely as possible to the way it is applied in the sport Overload principle To improve fitness athletes must do more than what their bodies are used to doing Progression principle Steadily improve fitness levels, you must continually increase the physical demands Diminishing returns principle When unfit and training, fitness levels increase rapidly, but when fit and training, the amount of improvement in less

14 Variation principle Change activities regularly to not overuse on muscle group Reversibility principle When athletes stop training their fitness will decrease Individual differences principle Every athlete is different and respond differently to the same training Moderation principle All things in moderation

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