Alice, Olivia and Will

Definition of ANTI NATALIST : The policy of the government to slow the population growth by attempting to limit the number of births

INDIA Background information  India has had a sudden fall in death rate due to improvements in food supply, hygiene and medical care  High birth rate means there has been a dramatic increase in population  Contraceptives and family planning were available to families  In 1972, abortions were allowed by law and sterilization programmes became widespread

INDIA’S POPULATION STATISTICS  The population in India at 0:00 hours in the 1 st of March stood at 1,027,015,247 persons, crossing the one billion mark  Between 1991 and 2001, the population grew by %  Males = 531, 277, 078 Females = 495, 738, 169  Although India only occupies 2.4% of the world’s land area, it supports 15% of the world’s population  Almost 40% of Indians are younger than 15  The magnitude of the annual increase in population can be seen in the fact that India adds almost the total population of Australia every year  Between 1947 and 1991, India’s population more than doubled  In 1901, India counted 77 persons per sq km  In 1981, there was 216 persons per sq km

INDIA’S FACTS  At the beginning on the century, endemic disease, periodic epidemics and families kept the death rate high…enough to balance out the high birth rate  Between 1911 and 1920, the birth and death rates were virtually equal; about 48 births and 48 deaths per 1000  By the mid 1990s, the estimated birth rate had fallen to 28 per 1000  The estimated death rate had fallen to 10 per 1000  The future configuration of India’s population depends on what happens to the birth rate  Even the most optimistic projections do not suggest that the birth rate could drop below 20 per 1000

POPULATION INCREASE  In 1981, the population census showed that there were 12 million more people than the government thought  India is a democracy so laws could not be introduced to limit the number of babies born  There is a nation wide campaign persuading people to have less babies  Contraception, such as the pill and the coil are being used to limit birth rates

THE POLICY  The anti natalist policy was unpopular and ended in 1977  In 1978, the legal age of marriage was raised from 15 to 18 but this was ignored  Only 25% of women use contraception  In 1952, India was the first country in the world to launch the national programme, emphasising family planning to the extent necessary to reduce birth rate to stable  India launched its policy through mass media e.g. radio and TV ads

EFFECTS OF THE POLICY  To solve the population problems, the Indian government must quickly administer population regulations so that couples have on average two children  The governments persuasive campaign for two child families and India’s obsession with having sons has lad to an increase in woman abortion female foetuses so make sure they have a boy, if not two

INDIA V CHINA

POPULATION PROJECTIONS FOR INDIA (millions) March 1991 March 2001 March 2011 March India’s demographic achievement due to the policy Reduced crude birth rate form 40.8 in 1951, to 26.4 in 1998 Quadrupled the couple protection rate Reduced crude death rate Achieved nearly universal awareness of the need for family planning Halved infant mortality rate from 146 per 1000 in 1951, to 72 per 1000 live births in 1998

POPULATION DENSITY, by Will – well researched

PROPAGANDA POSTERS

CONCLUSION  Due to the policy, birth rate has declined but there is still natural increase  Infant mortality has been reduced as has death rate, therefore there is still a slight increase in the population