STANDARDS: IIIA-3.2 RECOGNIZE HOW BIOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL NOTIONS OF GENDER SHAPE THE EXPERIENCES OF MEN AND WOMEN. IIIA-4.1 DESCRIBE THE ROLE OF CRITICAL PERIODS IN DEVELOPMENT. IIIA-4.2 EXPLAIN THE ISSUES OF CONTINUITY/DISCONTINUITY AND STABILITY/INSTABILITY IN DEVELOPMENT.  Objective: Students will be able to relate information cultural influences and gender through as discussion and catalog the physical, social, and cognitive development from infancy through adulthood in a poster.  Warm Up: What are some stages of Erikson's development (Name 4)? Name the psychosocial conflict in each stage and explain each stage by using examples from your personal life.

CULTURAL INFLUENCE AND GENDER DIFFERENCES Standards: IIIA-3.2 Recognize how biological and cultural notions of gender shape the experiences of men and women. IIIA-4.1 Describe the role of critical periods in development. IIIA- 4.2 Explain the issues of continuity/discontinuity and stability/instability in development.

CULTURAL INFLUENCE  What is culture?  The behaviors, ides, attitudes, values and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next.  Preservation of innovation  Division of labor  Provides us with the shared and transmitted customs and beliefs that enable us to communicate, exchange money for things, and do many daily occurrences we take for granted

VARIATIONS OF CULTURE  Each group has its own set of norms  An understood rule for accepted and expected behavior.  Prescribe proper behavior.  Examples?  South Asians eat with only their right hands  British wait orderly in line  Cultures do collide and some cultures do not understand the idea of personal space  The buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies  Cultures can view others as rude because they do not fully understand each others customs

CULTURE AND YOU!  Individualism  Giving priority to one’s own goal over group goals and defining one’s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications.  American culture emphasizes the “I” rather than the “we”  More western culture  Collectivists  Giving priority to group goals (often those of the extended family or work group) and defining one’s identity accordingly.  Experience a greater loss in identity  Explain why!  More eastern culture

QUICKWRITE!  Name some cultural norms which are present in your life. Have you ever encountered another culture which was the opposite of what you were taught? What happened?  Do you believe your culture is more individualistic or collectivistic? Defend your position.

GENDER DEVELOPMENT  Similarities  45 of the 46 chromosomes are unisex.  Differences  Women begin puberty 2 years earlier than men  Women have a higher life expectancy by 5 years  Women have 70% more fat, 40% less muscle, and are 5 inches shorter  Men are more likely to commit suicide or suffer from alcohol dependence

NATURE OF GENDER  From your mother you receive the x chromosome  the sex chromosome found in both men and women.  From your father you receive the only chromosome which is not unisex, the y chromosome if you are male and another x chromosome if you are female.  The Y chromosome sends a message to the testes to begin the production of testosterone  Found in both genders, but mostly found in males which stimulates the growth of the male sex organs in the fetus and during puberty  First changes happen around the 7 weeks when genes are activated to determine gender  Physical changes happen in the 4 th and 5 th months of prenatal development when hormones are released to influence the sex of the baby

NURTURE OF GENDER  Gender Roles  A set of expected behaviors for males and females  30 years ago, men initiate the date, drive the car, pay the bill vs. women who decorate the house, buy goods and care for the children  Exist in society  Which sex devotes more time to taking time off to care for children?  Are gender roles created by society?  Nomadic societies raise their children the same and same expectations  Industrial counties have a wide spectrum from very equitable to not at all  Can vary over time

QUICKWRITE!  Are gender roles biological or created by culture?

GENDER AND CHILD REARING  Gender identity  The sense of being male or female  Gender Typed  The acquisition of traditional masculine or feminine role  Name some examples for being gender typed.  Social Learning theory  We learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished  Gender schemas  Concepts which are formed through the lens of being male or female

POSTER ACTIVITY  On your poster, divide it into three categories  Physical  Social  Cognitive  Trace the development of a human from infancy to adulthood to death and dying by discussing each of the categories.  Draw a illustration of each category at each stage.

EXIT TICKET  How is gender formed? Explain the biological aspect vs. the social aspect. How does culture play a role in gender roles?