1. Nature and Nurture
What makes us who we are?

2. Chromosomes- threadlike structures made up of DNA that contain genes
Chromosomes- threadlike structures made up of DNA that contain genes. Chromosome pair 23 define our gender.

3. Genes- segments of DNA capable of making a protein, therefore a trait.

4. DNA- (deoxyribonucleic acid) all of the genetic information for a human being.

5. What are traits? Dominant and recessive
Eye color
Height
Hair color
Skin tone
Facial features
Snaggle toe

6. Evolutionary Psychology- study of behavior using principles of natural selection.
The traits that have helped us to survive will be passed onto our children.
What kinds of traits have been passed on for survival?
Reflexes, fears, adaptiveness

7. Why study Twins?
We can focus solely on their environment. If their genes are the same then it must be their environment that affects them.
Sometimes same environment
Sometimes separate environment
Group time- 3 groups. Read about studies.
What have twin studies found?

8. How do genes and our environment interact?
Nature via nurture
Nature seems to have a big influence on personality
Environment has a big influence on beliefs, values, manners, faith, and politics
Our personality affects how people treat us…

9. Find a partner!
Find out what you have in common. You’ll find that, when looking, you can find many similarities.

10. Similarities Quiz Cars Politics Sleeping habits Computer Brand Books
Toothpaste
Gum
Cell Phone
What bugs you
Clothes
Habits
Religion
Vacation
Jobs Held
Handedness
Sports
Dating status
Hobbies
Major illnesses
Pets
Foods you dislike
Family members
Foods you like
School subjects
Colors

11. How is Gender inherited?
Mother can only give X chromosome.
Father can give an X or a Y (male chromosome).
Prenatal environment can affect the outcome, as we saw in our video: Sex Unknown
Is “Gender” defined by what body parts you have?

12. Social Influences-  individuals change their attitudes or behavior in order to adhere to existing social norms.
Are young girls raised to emulate certain characteristics?
Good thing boys aren’t raised this way….right?

13. Gender Typing- The process by which children acquire the values, motives, and behaviors viewed as appropriate for males and females within a culture.

14. Gender Schema Theory- societies beliefs about the traits of males and females
Causes gender schema
Which influences:
Processing of social information.
Self Esteem (our behavior must fit into gender schema)

15. Gender roles- a set of expected behaviors for males and females.
Do we see gender roles play out in our own homes?
Did our parents have a discussion about their duties?
What affects gender roles?
The times
Gender-identity- our sense of being either male or female
Gender-typing- acquisition of traditional masculine or feminine roles.
Gender schema theory- theory that children learn from their culture what it means to be male or female and act accordingly.
The difference between men and women’s brains.

16. Gender Identity- one’s personal experience in one’s own gender
Gender Identity- one’s personal experience in one’s own gender. Your private sense of feeling as though you fit the category of a man or a woman.

17. What do you think? Write it down.
Do you believe that gender is more influenced by biology or by social factors?
Can they work together to create psychological traits?
Give an example from your life.

18. So what makes us, us? Biological Influences: Psychological Influences:
Shared human genome
Individual genetic variations
Prenatal environment
Sex-related genes, hormones, and physiology
Psychological Influences:
Gene-environment interaction
Neurological effect of early experiences
Responses evoked by our own personality, gender, etc.
Beliefs, feelings, and expectations
Individual
development
Social-cultural influences:
Parental influences
Peer influences
Cultural attitudes and norms