The U.S. Civil War North United States of America Union Blue Yankees Pres. Abraham Lincoln Washington, D.C. Gen. Ulysses Grant South Confederate States of America Confederacy Gray Rebels Pres. Jefferson Davis Richmond, VA - Montgomery Alabama Gen. Robert E. Lee

Presidents Lincoln Davis

Generals Grant Lee

Nation’s Flags

Were there any advantages for the South? Defending their homes and way of life Better Generals and Officers

Northern Advantages Population Lincoln Technology Money

Major Battles April 12, 1861-The Civil War begins when Confederate troops bombed Ft. Sumter. S.C. Most Battles were in the South Many had 2 names North named battles after closest physical feature-South after closest town 1 st battle-Manassas/Bull Run, VA- July, Confederates Win! Meaning? Casualties-Union 2,900 Confed. 2,000

Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson

The Battle of Antietam Sept. 17, 1862-Maryland-Lee attacked Union 40,000 Confederates vs. 75,000 Union troops 12,000 casualties in 1 st 3 hours Union victory Casualties- Confed. 14,000 Union 12,000 THE BLOODIEST SINGLE DAY BATTLE

The Battle of Gettysburg July 1,2, Union Victory- Turning Point Battle-? Last time South invades North 50,000+ combined casualties-most! November 1863-Gettysburg Address One of the greatest speeches given by a president Was a last minute invite States the US was one not a group of individuals and it was the duty to preserve the honor of the dead Morale boost for north

The Battle of Vicksburg On the same weekend the Union won the Battle of Gettysburg they also won in Vicksburg Allowing the Union to control the Mississippi River This signaled the beginning of the end for the Confederacy

POW Camps POW’s were treated horribly by both sides. The most notorious was Andersonville, Ga. Built to hold 10,000 it would eventually hold 35,000 About 100 prisoners a day died, usually of exposure or starvation.

Clara Barton Angel of the Battlefield

Lincoln and The Constitution Constitution Congress has power to raise and support armies No $$ can be taken from treasury w/out approval Writ of H.C. not suspended unless rebellion No law taking away free speech Right to fair speedy trial Lincoln’s Action Increased size of army w/out Congress approval Withdrew $2m for military w/out approval Arrested+jailed anti- unionists giving no reason Censored newspapers Anti-unionists given military trials-less evidence to convict

Lincoln during the Civil War His oath of office stated he was to Preserve the Union Told Southern leaders USA was nation of people not states In order to prevent the British from supporting the South Lincoln “frees” slaves in “rebelling areas” Emancipation Proclamation These slaves were not under his control, but made the war’s purpose to end slavery. Britain had outlawed slavery in 1836.

Sherman’s march to the sea

The War Ends Lee surrenders to Grant at Appomattox Court House, Va. April 9, ENDING THE WAR! THE UNION WON! Lincoln is shot by John Wilkes Booth April 14, 1865 and dies the next day. $7 Billion cost The Federal Government supreme to States The USA is unified??? 13 th Amendment ends Slavery

Casualties Killed and Mortally Wounded Union-110,000 Confed.-94,000=204,000 Dead of Disease-Union-225,000 Confed.165,000=390,000 POW’sDead-Union-30,000 Confed.- 31,000=61,000 Wounded-Union-275,000 Confed. 194,000=469,000 Total Casualties-Union-640,000 Confed.- 484,000