Imperialism Mr. Violanti Iroquois High School Spring, 2014

1. Imperialism: The domination of one country’s PERSIA (culture) by another. 2. Open Door Policy: China must be opened to trade with the U.S. (1899) 3. Boxer Rebellion: Nationalist response to foreign involvement in China. (1900) 4. Matthew Perry: Forces open doors of trade with Japan Queen Liliuokalani: Final Queen of Hawaii, defeated by revolution in Spanish-American War: 1898, Fought over Cuba, Phillipines, Puerto Rico Americans die. 7. Yellow Journalism: exaggeration and sensationalism in media intended for emotional response. 8. USS Maine: 266 Americans killed in sinking in Havana. Final spark of war with Spain.

9. Platt Amendment: Limited Cuban independence, gave rights to US in Cuba. 10. Monroe Doctrine: warned foreign powers to stay out of Western Hemisphere in Roosevelt Corrollary: nations in the Western Hemisphere which behave wrongly require the US to step in as “International Police Power” 12. “Big Stick” Policy: Intervention in Latin American Affairs. “Speak Softly, carry a big stick.” 13. Dollar Diplomacy: Taft’s policy of maintaining orderly society in L.A. by American investment. 14. Panama Canal: Roosevelt encourages revolt in Panama, giving US a 99 year lease on canal land in Panama. Links Pacific and Atlantic.

Expanding power by foreign acquisitions. How does it strengthen them? Economically Politically Militarily

*The United States was experiencing a periodic high birth rate and increases in population due to immigration. The U.S. population grew from more than five million in 1800 to more than 23 million by mid- century. Thus, there was a need to expand into new territories to accommodate this rapid growth. It's estimated that nearly 4,000,000 Americans moved to western territories between 1820 and *The United States suffered two economic depressions: one in 1818 and a second in Maritime merchants saw an opportunity to expand and promote new commerce by building West Coast ports leading to increased trade with countries in the Pacific.

1. New Technology -Increase in transportation and communication around the world Railroads Ships Telegraph Telephone 2. Manifest Destiny -Author Frederick Turner: “Americans needed New Frontiers beyond their Borders” 3.New Markets and Raw Materials -markets overseas would provide economic stability 4. Social Darwinism -U.S. had a “superior” way of life and we had to share our benefits with others 5.Growth of Naval Power -Bases for Refueling and supplies

Alaska Purchased 1880’s- U.S. Trade abroad increases 1889-Samoa agreement signed Spanish- Am. War; Hawaii annexed “Big Stick” Diplomacy 1904-Roosevelt Corollary 1914-Panama Canal Opens “Dollar Diplomacy

Pacific Alaska Hawaii Asia China Japan Cuba Philippines Latin America

Sec. of State William H. Seward buys Alaska from Russia It would show our presence on both sides of Canada and the hope was that the British would leave. $7,200,000 and expanded the U.S 600,000 miles

January, 1893 Queen Liliuokalani “abdicates” throne to US Marines. Revolt started by Sugar Plantation owner Sanford Dole. Annexed by McKinley, 1898

Sphere of Influence : Late 1800’s,China divided into regions for separate nations to trade w/ full economic rights Japan Germany Russia Britain France 1899: Sect. Of State John Hay asked for an “Open Door Policy” of trade with China. China loses economic autonomy.

1900: “Fists of Righteous Harmony”: a group of men that wish to rid China of Western Imperialism. Failed due to U.S. Military

1854: Commodore Matthew Perry Went to Japan by to open trade ports. Met Shogun and an agreement was reached upon threat of force.

Analyze the cartoon

Economic: Spain put a tax on Cuba, and we placed a tariff on Cuban sugar. Revolts cause destruction of these plantations & lead to U.S. involvement Humanitarian: Americans felt bad about Cubans being imprisoned by the Spanish (30% death) Expansionist: Henry Cabot Lodge and John Hay saw a way to seize territory from Spain, American “Expansion”

What role does the Monroe Doctrine Play?

Yellow Journalism: Lead by William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer Sinking of the Maine: U.S. Battleship is sunk in Havana Harbor killing 266 American Sailors

Pres. McKinley and Congress declared war on April 1898 Teller Amendment *** promised we wouldn’t Annex Cuba War lasted 4 months 2,446 US Casualties Treaty of Paris: Cuba independent & U.S. gets Philippines, Guam & Puerto Rico

1. Cuba Granted Independence 2. Cuba not allowed to have foreign powers on island. 3. US allowed to have Military bases on island 4. US can intervene militarily to restore order to Cuba

The Treaty of Paris gave the U.S. control for $20 million in 1898.

Leon Czolgosz “I didn't believe one man should have so much service, and another man have none." Pres. McKinley is assassinated at the Pan-American Exhibition in Buffalo, NY Sept. 6, 1901.assassinated

Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine: *** The United States is a “civilized nation” and that we have to stop “chronic wrongdoings” in the Western Hemisphere.

Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick TR agreed to Japanese annexation of Korea; in return the Japanese promised to keep their hands off China, Hawaii, and the Philippines. Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize -- the first American to win the award -- and the U.S. strengthened its position in Asia and the Pacific.

William Howard Taft Used Diplomacy to advance and protect American businesses in other countries. Used to protect the Panama Canal, Haiti, Nicaragua, and China

To demonstrate American naval strength, and the U.S.'s ability to protect both the Panama Canal and the Philippine possession, Roosevelt sent the American "new navy" fleet on a voyage around the world, including a stop in Tokyo.

America Becomes a World Power