1. SECTION 3: Expansion Under Roosevelt and Taft
I. Diplomacy in Asia
1899, US is major power with navy bases in the Pacific
Sphere of influence – area of control for a foreign nation
McKinley and Hay propose an Open Door Policy with China
Germany, Russia, France, Japan
don’t refuse, but don’t approve idea
All Countries have “Open Door” access to China, but no one country has complete control.

2. II. PANAMA CANAL
U.S. needs to be able to get Pacific Fleet to Atlantic (or have two costly fleets).
Hay-Pauncefote Treaty gave US rights to build a canal through Central America
The U.S. purchased the project from the French
US supports Panamanian rebellion
Panamanians received 10 million for land under U.S. control
Finished in 1914
Malaria and Yellow fever

3. III. Hawaii Hawaii originally an economic interest (sugar)
1893 Euro-American alliance overthrows queen and rules, but U.S. won’t annex
Spanish-American War necessitates fueling stations and U.S. decides to annex in 1899
1900 Hawaii annexed

4. THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR
I. Unrest in Cuba
Cubans revolting against Spanish rule
US sympathizes with Cubans
Media fuels fire
Yellow Journalism
William Randolph Hearst
Joseph Pulitzer

5. II. Beginning of the Spanish American War
Hearst wants the US to intervene in Cuba
McKinley reluctant
De Lome letter calls McKinley “weak”
USS Maine explodes in Havana Harbor
McKinley asks Spain to grant Cuba its freedom, 1898
War lasted 4 months in
Philippines
Cuba
Remember the Maine!

6. American Foreign Policy
How will America implement new foreign policy (military? money? Persuasion?)
Roosevelt’s Big Stick
Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy
Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy

7. “SPEAK SOFTLY AND CARRY A BIG STICK; YOU WILL GO FAR!”
IV. ROOSEVELT COROLLARY
A statement by T.R. stating the U.S. does not want any land, it just wants to protect those in need- “an international police power.”
Issued to protect the Dominican Republic
Policy was effective, but made some Latin American countries uneasy

8. V. RESHAPING US DIPLOMACY
DOLLAR DIPLOMACY: increasing money to other countries instead of fighting wars
US buys out European loans
Many countries opposed being paid off so that they would listen to the U.S.
The U.S. made enemies during this time of imperialism- especially in Latin America

9. Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy
The United States will “do the right thing” anywhere people are oppressed around the world.

10. ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS What was the goal of Dollar Diplomacy?
What was Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy?
What did TR’s Big Stick policy rely on?

11. Look at the various presidential speeches and determine w
Look at the various presidential speeches and determine whether they best represent Roosevelt’s Big Stick Policy, Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy or Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy.