2.   Economic  Industrial Revolution caused  New markets and raw materials  Investment opportunities  Manifest Destiny  Cultural  Westernize and spread Christianity  Social Darwinism and White Man’s Burden  Strategy  Naval bases in Atlantic and Pacific Causes Of Imperialism

3.  Between the 1890s and the start of WWI, the United States expanded its access to overseas markets and raw materials through the policy of 1.Containment 2.Imperialism 3.Isolationism 4.Neutrality Practice Question

4.  A major reason the United States began to seek colonies during the late 1890s was that the 1.Monroe Doctrine required such action 2.Expansion of American industry made acquiring new markets and additional resources desirable 3.Population pressures within the US had become more serious 4.Cold-war rivalry between the US and the Soviet Union heightened Practice Question

5.   1854  Commodore Matthew Perry  Japan signed a treaty (Treaty of Kanagawa)  Forced Japan to industrialize and modernize (Meiji Restoration) Opening Japan

6.   Spheres of influence  Japan: Sino-Japanese War, Manchuria, Korea  France, Germany, Russia and Great Britain forced spheres  Open Door Policy  All nations have equal trading rights in China and pay equal port fees and taxes  Boxer Rebellion  Wanted to end western influence in China China

7.  The main reason the United States implemented the Open Door policy in China was to 1.Promote immigration 2.Expand democratic reforms 3.Encourage religious freedoms 4.Guarantee access to markets Practice Multiple Choice

8.   1893, American sugar growers over throw Queen Liliuokalani  Becomes US territory under McKinley  Samoa is a group of Pacific islands in southwest of Hawaii  Naval base Hawaii & Samoa Islands

9.   Yellow Journalism  DeLome Letter  Sinking of Maine  Strategy for Cuba island as a naval base  Protect US economic interests in Cuba  War against Spain April 1898  4 months  Rough Riders led by Theodore Roosevelt- San Juan Hill Causes of the Spanish- American War

10.   US gained Puerto Rico, Guam and Philippines  Cuba became independent  Foraker Act  allowed Puerto Rico to elect their own legislator but governor appointed by president  Platt Amendment  naval base and coaling station in Cuba  No other power to acquire Cuba  US to protect American citizens in Cuba Effects of the Spanish- American War

11.   William Jennings Bryan favored independence  Anti-democracy to imperialize  For imperialism shows that the US is a great world power  Allows Philippines to become a democracy Debate about Philippines

12.   1900, treaty for annexation of Hawaii (state in 1959)  Germany and US divided Samoa in 1890’s  Cuba became a US protectorate  Philippines remained a US territory until July 4, 1946 New Territories

13.  Involvement in the Spanish-American War, the acquisition of Hawaii, and the introduction of the Open Door Policy in China were actions taken by the US Government to 1.Establish military alliances with other nations 2.Gain overseas markets and sources of raw materials 3.Begin the policy of manifest destiny 4.Support isolationist forces in Congress Practice Questions

14.   Addition to the Monroe Doctrine  US would protect Latin America from outside influence  Theodore Roosevelt  International police power  “speak softly and carry a big stick” Roosevelt Corollary

16.   Helped Panama gain independence from Colombia  Helped to construct  Major project that brought positive and negative effects Roosevelt and the Panama Canal

17.   Protect business interests in Latin America  Force Latin American countries to repay debt  Dollar diplomacy  Resulted in US intervention in Nicaragua 1912  Civil war threatened to prevent repayment of US loans Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy

18.   Against dollar diplomacy but believed in keeping order in areas near US  Intervened in Haiti, and Dominican Republic  Distrusted Mexican dictator Victorian Huerta  Watchful Waiting  US sailors jailed causing US to occupy Vera Cruz in Mexico  Carranza replaced Huerta but Pancho Villa, a rebel, threatened  Killed 19 Americans  US Withdrew troops  Supported Carranza  Poor Mexican relations for many years Wilson and the Mexican revolution

19.  A goal of President Roosevelt’s Big Stick Policy and President William Howard Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy policy toward Latin America was to 1.Western hemisphere nations in a military alliances 2.Protect American economic and political interests 3.Encourage foreign nations to establish colonies 4.Raise Latin American’s standard of living Practice Question