Success Strategies Learning Styles Questionnaire: ◦ Review Learning Style Study Strategies What can you do to help yourself learn the material in this class? 1

Success Strategies: Study Skills Use SQ3R S=Survey, Q=Question, R=Read, R=Recite, R=Review Mark your texts Choose your environment Create and attend study sessions Seek Help Take notes in class 2

3 1: Inter-Act, 13 th Edition Chapter 1 Chapter 1Orientation Orientation

Chapter 1 Objectives Discuss how messages are formed and meaning shared List the three processes of interpersonal communication Discuss the purposes of interpersonal communication Explain the characteristics of interpersonal communication 4

Identify the ethics, dark side, and diversity involved in interpersonal communication Discuss what is meant by competence in interpersonal communication Identify the traits that all social media have in common 5

Interpersonal Communication 6 The complex process through which people express, interpret, and coordinate messages in order to create shared meaning, meet social goals, manage personal identity, and carry out relationships

7 Message Message – a performance that uses words, sentences, and/or nonverbal behaviors to convey the thoughts, feelings, and intentions of the speaker Canned Plan Canned Plan – mental library of scripts Script Script – text that instructs you what to say in a specific situation

Interpersonal Communication Process Process: Process: systematic series of actions that leads to an outcome Message production: Message production: actions you perform to send a message Message interpretation: Message interpretation: activities performed to understand intended meaning Interaction coordination: Interaction coordination: activities performed to adjust behavior to partner 8

Purposes of Interpersonal Communication Share meaning Meet social goals Manage our personal identity Conduct our relationships 9

The Communication Setting Physical Context – where communication takes place, the environment, the distance between participants, seating, time of day Social Context – the nature of the relationship Historical Context – the background of previous communication Psychological Context – moods & feelings Cultural Context – beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, social hierarchies, religion, notion of time, and roles of the participants 10

Noise External noise – the sights, sounds, and other stimuli that draw people’s attention away from intended meaning Internal noise – the thoughts and feelings that interfere with meaning Semantic noise – distractions caused by the speaker’s words that interfere with meaning 11

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Principles of Interpersonal Communication Is continuous Is transactional Is irreversible Is situated Is indexical 13

Communication Is Continuous Interpersonal communication can be verbal or nonverbal. Therefore, we are always sending messages to others— whether we are aware of it or not! 14

Communication Is Transactional Each person gives and receives messages, feedback. Each person gets needs met and helps others satisfy needs. Each person is changed with each interaction. 15

Communication Is Irreversible 16 Once an exchange has taken place, we can never ignore it, take it back, or pretend it did not occur.

Communication Is Situated All communication occurs within a communication setting. Setting affects how messages are produced, interpreted, and coordinated. Meaning is dependent upon the situation. 17

Communication Is Indexical Index (or measure) of the emotional temperature of a relationship Trust: the extent to which partners rely on, depend on, and have faith that their partner will not intentionally harm them Control: the extent to which each person has power or is “in charge” of the relationship Intimacy: degree of emotional closeness, acceptance, and disclosure 18

Extra Credit: Record and watch one episode of a TV series you aren’t familiar with. Identify one relationship where the characters have a significant conversation. Describe the level of trust, control, and intimacy between the characters. What conclusions did you make based on your observations? 19

Ethics of Interpersonal Communication 20 “A set of moral principles held by a society, a group, or individual” 1.Truthfulness and honesty 2.Integrity 3.Fairness 4.Respect 5.Responsibility 6.Empathy

The Dark Side 21 Bright Side Ethical Appropriate Hard Dark Side Ethical Inappropriate Evil Dark Side Unethical Inappropriate Easy Dark Side Unethical Appropriate

Extra Credit: Pick up your cell phone and scan your history of your sent/received text messages. ◦ Are there any dark-side messages reflected in these past text messages? ◦ How might you categorize them? ◦ Why did you send these messages to the people/person you did? ◦ How did the messages affect your relationship(s)? 22

Diversity – Diversity – variations between and among people Culture Sex Age Class Physical characteristics Sexual orientation 23

24 Culture Culture – systems of knowledge shared by a relatively large group of people Culture is a critical concept to communication because “every communicator is a product of his or her culture.” -Anderson 2000

Communication Competence Increasing communication knowledge Increasing communication skills Increasing communication motivation 25 Competence is the impression that communicative behavior is both effective and appropriate. Competence can be enhanced by:

Developing Competence Knowledge 1. Acquire interpersonal communication knowledge  Effective messages  Appropriate messages 2.Emotional Intelligence: ability to monitor your own and others’ emotions 26

Developing Competence Skills Micro communication skills: message templates, “lines” ◦ Active listening, making requests, asking a clarifying question, praising, paraphrasing, perception checking, and describing feelings/behaviors Communication skill scripts: mental texts that include micro communication skills ◦ Creating/managing close relationships, supporting others, managing difficulties, influencing others 27

Developing Competence Motivation Unlearn old ineffective scripts. Learn new scripts. 28

Behavioral Flexibility 29 1.Make a prediction about appropriate communication. 2.Enact that type of communication. 3.Pay attention to reactions. 4.Either change communication or not.

Social Media Context Social Media: technologies that facilitate communication and interaction Digital communication: electronic transmission of digitally encoded information 30

Social Network Groups of individuals connected by Friendship Careers Institutions Family ties Common interests, beliefs, knowledge 31

Traits of Social Media Technology Facilitates social interactivity Takes time to send and receive messages (temporal structure) Lacks social cues Can be stored and replicated Potentially reaches a large audience Allows mobility 32

Writing Communication Improvement Plans State the problem. State the specific goal. Outline procedure for reaching the goal. Devise a method of determining when the goal has been reached. 33

Reflection/Assignment Focus on your participation in class today: ◦ what did you do well? ◦ what could you have done better? Review micro communication skills & communication skill scripts from powerpoint Choose one area you’d like to improve on in your communications Discuss and develop an improvement plan. Be sure to use your Assignment Rubric! 34