Africa In the Middle Ages HOMEWORK CHECK

How did the Swahili language develop? The Portuguese tried to teach their language This was the language the Quran was written in Arabic and Bantu cultures mixed Great Zimbabwe made it the official language

Mogadishu Sofala Great Zimbabwe Kilwa Which city became important because it was as far as ships from India could sail in one season? Mogadishu Sofala Great Zimbabwe Kilwa

How was Great Zimbabwe DIFFERENT from the East African coastal cities? It was inland It had a mosque It was rich The Portuguese tried to take over it

Learning goal and rubric 4. Discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies and support them with details. 3. Point out and discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies. 2. With help, you are able to point out and discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies. 1. Even with help, no success.

Africa In the Middle Ages West African Empires

songhai As Mali was declining, 1400s The Songhai people broke away from Mali and started their own empire. Their armies controlled trade routes. Sunni Ali (r. 1464-1492) Muslim Military commander Captured Timbuktu and Djenne Made capture of city of Djenne complete by marrying its queen

Askia Muhammad (r. 1492-1529) Kicked Sunni Ali’s son out of power Askia and others felt that Ali’s son didn’t follow Islam correctly. Askia was a great ruler and ran the government well. The Songhai were later invaded by Moroccans with better weapons. Cannons and gunpowder

Which one is NOT a reason for the growth of the Songhai empire? Military conquest Controlling trade routes They had guns

Fastest Responders (in seconds) 3.84 Caitlyn Colvin 4.4 Jeremy Burke 6.08 Austin Leach 6.79 Brenn Rosenbaum 9.69 Carah Gedeon

Why did Askia Muhammad kick Sunni Ali’s son out of power? He was weak He was not a good Muslim Too many taxes The Berbers paid him to

Fastest Responders (in seconds) 1.69 Jonathan Weir 3.15 Laura Munroe 3.39 Jeremy Burke 4.21 Austin Leach 5.1 Michaela Massey

Learning goal and rubric 4. Discuss the main ideas about West African societies and support them with details. 3. Point out and discuss the main ideas about West African societies. 2. With help, you are able to point out and discuss the main ideas about West African societies. 1. Even with help, no success.

Other West african groups The Hausa City-States Spoke the language Hausa 1000-1200 Several small independent cities (Kano, Zaria, Katsina) Strong rulers had great power over their subjects who farmed Rich because of the trade routes Zaria captured and sold slaves from nearby towns

Other West african groups Yoruba States A collection of small farming city-states They had kings they thought were like gods Kings were religious, political, and military leaders Centered around the city of Ife 1100s-1600s Oyo was also an important city The extra food that the farmers grew fed the people in the cities that became artists and craftsmen.

Other West african groups The Kingdom of Benin A people who lived in the forest 1200s-1500s 1400s: King Ewaure had a strong army Ewaure also built up the city of Benin. He added: Walls, a planned city He also supported art In the 1480s, the Portuguese came and began to trade and ultimately started the slave trade in the area.

How did the Hausa city-states get their name “Hausa”? The river that was nearby That was the name of their King That was the language they spoke

The leaders of the Yoruba were thought to be ______________. weak Egyptian gods giants

Built walls Supported Art Planned the city Create a cathedral Which of the following did Ewaure, King of Benin NOT do to his capital city? Built walls Supported Art Planned the city Create a cathedral

Africa In the Middle Ages East African City-States and Southern Empires

Learning goal and rubric 4. Discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies and support them with details. 3. Point out and discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies. 2. With help, you are able to point out and discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies. 1. Even with help, no success.

East coast trade cities By 1100s, people from Central Africa migrated to the east coast They spoke Bantu They built towns on the coast and began to trade with Arabs The mixing of Bantu and Arab cultures created Swahili culture and language These towns became rich cities because of Indian Ocean trade with Arabs

Kilwa and the Portuguese In 1331, Ibn Battuta wrote about how rich Kilwa was after he visited there. He thought the rich Muslim leaders there were amazing. Kilwa grew wealthy on trade. It was as far south as a ship from India could go in one season. Kilwa grew more wealthy when it took over another town, Sofala. This gave them power over gold trading After 1488, the Portuguese traveled around the Cape of Good Hope and ultimately took over Kilwa and other cities because of their rich trade.

Which language is a mixture of bantu and arabic? Igbo Yoruba Kilwa Swahili

Portugal Italy France England Which European country was the first to enter the Indian Ocean around the southern tip of Africa and take over cities like Kilwa? Portugal Italy France England

Learning goal and rubric 4. Discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies and support them with details. 3. Point out and discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies. 2. With help, you are able to point out and discuss the main ideas about East and Southern African societies. 1. Even with help, no success.

Islam and the slave trade Just like in some of the West African Empires, the rich and powerful were Muslims, but the poor and working class held on to traditional African religious beliefs. The rich and powerful leaders and merchants became Muslim to have a connection with the people they traded with. Arab traders bought African slaves from these port cities and sold them in the Middle East, India, and China as household workers and soldiers. The number of people sold into slavery from Africa between 800 and 1700 was not nearly as many as would be later enslaved by Europeans

Great zimbabwe The gold that was traded by cities on the east coast of Africa came from inland, southern Africa. By the 1100s, the Shona people had founded a city called Great Zimbabwe. This city grew rich by controlling the trade routes in the area and it took over other cities From 1200s to 1400s, the city was very powerful All that is left today is a bunch of stone walls.

The mutapa empire In 1420, a man named Mutota left Zimbabwe to find a new source of salt. He also founded a city. He had a powerful army and controlled many neighboring cities. His empire became known as the Mutapa or “conqueror”. He conquered all of Zimbabwe. In 1480, his son Matope took control. The empire became rich from gold and trade. By Matope’s death, they empire started to fall apart. In the 1500s, the Portuguese failed at taking over the empire, they slowly gained political control over it though.