Regents Review – The Bill of Rights HW: Review Book – Pages Castle Learning for Thursday

1 st Amendment Freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly and petition. Freedom of speech, press, religion, assembly and petition. Not unrestricted – Schenck v. U.S. cannot create “A clear and present danger” Not unrestricted – Schenck v. U.S. cannot create “A clear and present danger” Religion – Engel v. Vitale – Regents prayer Religion – Engel v. Vitale – Regents prayer Press – Hazelwood v. Kulhmeir – student newspaper Press – Hazelwood v. Kulhmeir – student newspaper Speech – Bethel School District v. Frazier – student speech Speech – Bethel School District v. Frazier – student speech

2 nd Amendment The right to possess firearms The right to possess firearms Added because originally only had state militia Added because originally only had state militia

3 rd Amendment No quarter of soldiers No quarter of soldiers Added because of the Quartering Act during the American Revolution Added because of the Quartering Act during the American Revolution

4 th Amendment Protects against unreasonable searches and seizure. Protects against unreasonable searches and seizure. N.J. v. TLO – students can be searched – need “reasonable suspicion” not “probable cause.” N.J. v. TLO – students can be searched – need “reasonable suspicion” not “probable cause.” Vernonia v. Acton – mandatory drug testing of student athletes is allowed. Vernonia v. Acton – mandatory drug testing of student athletes is allowed.

5 th Amendment Life, liberty, and property Life, liberty, and property Due process Due process Issues involved in this amendment: abortion (Roe v. Wade), death penalty (In re Gault) euthanisia Issues involved in this amendment: abortion (Roe v. Wade), death penalty (In re Gault) euthanisia

6 th Amendment Trial by jury in a criminal case. Trial by jury in a criminal case.

7 th Amendment Trial by jury in a civil case. Trial by jury in a civil case.

8 th Amendment Prohibits excessive bail, fines and punishment. Prohibits excessive bail, fines and punishment. Issue: death penalty Issue: death penalty

9 th Amendment Rights not mentioned in the Constitution belong to the people. Rights not mentioned in the Constitution belong to the people.

10 th Amendment Powers not given to the national government and the people are given to the state. Powers not given to the national government and the people are given to the state.

13, 14, 15 Civil War or Reconstruction amendments Civil War or Reconstruction amendments 13 – ends slavery 13 – ends slavery 14 – citizenship 14 – citizenship 15 – black male suffrage 15 – black male suffrage

18 & – Prohibition 18 – Prohibition Added because of domestic violence Added because of domestic violence 21 – repealed prohibition 21 – repealed prohibition Added because of organized crime, speakeasies, bootlegging Added because of organized crime, speakeasies, bootlegging

19 th Amendment Women’s suffrage Women’s suffrage Added because women went to work during WWI Added because women went to work during WWI

22 nd Amendment President limited to two terms President limited to two terms Added because FDR served 4 terms Added because FDR served 4 terms

25 th Amendment Presidential succession and disability Presidential succession and disability Added because of the assassination of JFK Added because of the assassination of JFK

26 th Amendment Lowered voting age to 18 Lowered voting age to 18 Added because of Vietnam Added because of Vietnam

Base your answer to question 16 on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. — 14th amendment, Section 1, United States Constitution 16. This amendment was adopted in 1868 primarily to (1) protect the rights of formerly enslaved persons (2) make it easier for immigrants to become citizens (3) extend suffrage to settlers on the Great Plains (4) require the federal government to pay the costs of Reconstruction

14. After the Civil War, the purpose of adding the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments to the Constitution was to (1) grant civil and political rights to Native American Indians (2) allow women to become full citizens (3) guarantee African Americans equal treatment under the law (4) extend constitutional rights to new territories

“Convention Meets at Seneca Falls” “19th Amendment Ratified” “Betty Friedan Organizes National Organization for Women” Which statement about women in the United States is best illustrated by these headlines? (1) The role of women in society has remained unchanged since colonial times. (2) The struggle for women’s rights has spanned many decades. (3) The earnings of women today are equal to those of men. (4) The movement for women’s rights has lacked leadership.