Therapeutic Communication Lecture 1

Objective #6 Define communication

Communication is: interaction between 2+ people exchange of information

Communication -tion – Process Communica – Share / give – To make common

Communication is influenced by: Values Attitudes Beliefs Purpose Context

Intrapersonal Interpersonal

Objective #7 Identify and describe the operational definition of the communication process

Communication Process 1.Sender 2.Receiver 3.Message 4.Feedback

Message Expression of your thoughts

Sender Encoding Sends our the message

Method

Receiver Decoding Person to whom the message was sent

Feedback! Response to the message

Objective #8 List the two main channels of communication

Types of Communication Verbal Spoken word Written word Non-verbal AKA: body language

8 modes of nonverbal communication 1.Physical appearance 2.Body movement & Posture 3.Facial expression 4.Gestures 5.Eye contact 6.Tone & volume or voice 7.Touch 8.Silence

Two Main Channels of Communication are WORDS and BEHAVIORS Verbal – The words we choose (7%) Paraverbal – How we say the words (38%) Kinesics – Body Language (55%)

People Reading What people are really saying.

Body Language Facial Expressions Posture Gestures

Considerations Context Sufficient Samples Culture / Ethnicity Age and Gender Faking and Deception

Emotional Facial Expressions Dr. Paul Ekman Anger – Wrath / Rage Contempt – Disrespect / Intense Dislike Disgust – Aversion / Repugnance Fear – Agitation / Anxiety Happiness – Pleasure / Contentment Sadness – Showing / Causing Sorrow Surprise – Sudden / Unexpected

Posture and Gestures Anger – Lean Forward – Clenched Fists Excited / Happy – Open, Palms Up Intimidating – Upright, Close Proximity Interest – Lean Forward – Hand on Face, Finger pointing up Defensive – Closed – Arms Crossed Mirroring – Matched Position – Matched Elevation

Objective #9 Explain what is meant by the P.T.— patient relationship

Empathy versus Sympathy Empathy Acknowledge client’s emotions Show care by listening and responding Sympathy Carry some of the patients problems…. Feel sorry for them

Emotional Separateness Allows the professional to focus on the patient’s needs and not on our own!! Be Self-Aware Be Self-Monitoring Be Self-Correcting

Objective #10 Describe why therapeutic communication is the most important tool used by the P.T.

Basic Communication Skills What characteristics do you ascribe to someone you really like talking to?

Therapeutic Communication Is “other focused” Listening is the key!

Elements of Therapeutic Communication Trust Empathy Respect Congruence (Genuineness) Self Awareness Listening

Traits for Successful and Effective Therapeutic Communication: non-judgmental good listener genuine liking for people open body language good eye contact clarifies what they heard trustworthy - integrity sincere desire to help values who your are exhibits patience attentive not always quick to remedy appropriate vocabulary use humor sensitivity and Empathy

Objective #14 Discriminate between hearing and listening

How can you become a better listener? Hearing – Sensing sound Listening – “A process that involves sensing, interpreting, evaluating and reacting to spoken messages.”

Definition Listening – “A process that involves sensing, interpreting, evaluating and reacting to spoken messages.”

stages of listening Sensation Interpretation Evaluation Reaction

listening challenges Distractions – Internal – External

listening challenges Distractions Shutting out the message The rush to judgment Partial hearing Disabilities

Become an active listener Set purposes Ask questions Pay attention to verbal signpost Expect the unexpected

Ask questions “The most important types of question you will ask are… – CLARIFYING QUESTIONS”

Objective #15 Relate how therapeutic communication differs from social communication

Style of Communication Social Family Friends Therapeutic Purposeful Goal oriented

Therapeutic vs. Social Communication Focus on helping patient PLANNED and directed with a purpose by the professional Needs of the patient outweigh the needs of the P.T. Professionals are obligated to share information within Tx Team Relies on pt. disclosure Both parties seek to have personal needs met Involves equal disclosure of personal information and intimacy Confidentiality Spontaneity Therapeutic Social

Objective #16 Define and describe the importance of each of the following: – Readiness skills, Attending skills, Active listening skills, Reflecting skills: content and emotion

Objective #17 Explain the concept of the therapeutic self.

Psychiatric Technicians Primary Role: Therapeutic “Use of Self ” Attempt to establish healthy relationships with people who are unable to do so Therapeutic interpersonal relationships Therapeutic communication