HYPERTENSION AND HEART DISEASE Around 30% of people in England have high blood pressure but many don't know it. If left untreated, high blood pressure increases your risk of a heart attack or stroke.

What is High Blood Pressure? Blood pressure measures how strongly blood presses against the walls of your arteries (large blood vessels) as it is pumped around your body by your heart. Systolic pressure: the pressure of the blood when your heart beats to pump blood out. Diastolic pressure: the pressure of the blood when your heart rests in between beats

Who is most at risk? (1) Overweight /Obesity family history of cardiovascular disease African or Caribbean descent. Salty diet No enough fruits and vegetables Not enough exercise

Who is most at risk? (2) Drink a lot of coffee (or other caffeine-based drinks) Drink a lot of alcohol Are aged over 65 Have Stress Being poor Gender: Males are at a greater risk Risk of stroke is similar for men and women. Ethnicity: People with African or Asian ancestry are at higher risks of developing cardiovascular disease than other racial groups.

Known causes About 10% of high blood pressure cases are the result of an underlying condition or cause. These cases are referred to as secondary high blood pressure. Common causes of secondary high blood pressure include: Kidney disease Diabetes Narrowing of the arteries (large blood vessels) supplying the kidneys Hormonal conditions, such as Cushing's Disease Conditions that affect the body’s tissue, such as lupus Oral contraceptive pills. Painkillers known as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen Recreational drugs, such as cocaine, amphetamines and crystal methamphetamine Herbal remedies, such as herbal supplements

Symptoms of high blood pressure High blood pressure (hypertension) usually has no obvious symptoms and many people have it without knowing. Untreated high blood pressure can lead to serious diseases, including stroke, Kidney and heart diseases. In some rare cases, especially very high BP, symptoms can be A persistent headache Blurred or double vision Nosebleeds Shortness of breath In pregnancy it can lead to a serious condition called pre- eclampsia. where there is a problem with the placenta (the organ that links the baby’s blood supply to the mother’s).

Complications of high blood pressure Cardiovascular disease. Stroke Heart Failure Heart attack Embolism Aneurysm Kidney disease

Preventing high blood pressure Losing weight if you need to Exercising regularly Eating a healthy diet Cutting back if you drink a lot of alcohol Stopping smoking Cutting down on salt and caffeine stress management Regular Blood Pressure checking.

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