First Aid

First Aid Day I Objectives Day I Objectives  The student with list the Leading Causes of Death  The student will be able to list and describe the four Emergency Actions taken at the scene of a accident.  The student will be able to describe and perform Initial Assessment  The student will be able to quickly and correctly Activating EMS  The student will know what should be in a basic First Aid Kit  The student will understand that Personal Safety is the number one priority of a first responder  The student will be able to define Good Samaritan Laws  The student will understand the methods of preventing Disease Transmission  The student will understand how to Prevent Injuries in a multitude of situations. SOLs: 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.3c, 9.3d, 9.3e, 9.4a, 9.4b, 9.5a, 9.5c,9.5d, 9.5e

Bell Ringer # 1 Terminology  Define (pg. 704, blue book): Emergency First Aid

5 Leading Causes of Death  Heart Disease600,000  Cancer500,000  Stroke150,000  Chronic Respiratory125,000 Disease  Unintentional Injury100,000

Emergency Actions (COPY)  1. Survey the Scene  2. Initial Assessment  3. Activate EMS  4. Provide Care

1. Survey the Scene (COPY) - to look at or consider somebody or something closely, especially in order to form an opinion.  Safety—look for any dangers  Cause—Clues to determine injury or illness  Victims—How many people involved— look and ask

2. Initial Assessment (A,B,Cs)(COPY) -to examine something in order to judge or evaluate it.  Airway Choking  Breathing Asthma Drowning  Circulation Heart Attack Bleeding LOOK FOR LIFE-THREATENING EMERGENCIES

3. When to Activate EMS (COPY)  Unresponsiveness  Severe Bleeding  Shock  Threat to A,B,Cs

3a. How to Call EMS (COPY)  1 st choice Send bystanders  2 nd choice Call yourself

4. Provide Care  Assess conditions and needs  Respond with proper skill

First Aid Kit

Class Work # 1 First Aid Kit  Lesson 100, page 706 (blue text book)  Describe why and where you should take your first aid kit.  List the essential contents needed in a first aid kit.

Personal Safety (COPY)  Overview 1. Assess scene safety 2. Obtain consent 3. Use barrier devices 4. Get support from others

1. Scene Safety (COPY)  Responding when unsafe: DO NOT ENTER Activate EMS Prevent others from entering  Responding when safe: Follow the 4 steps in responding to an emergency.

2. Good Samaritan Laws (COPY) - a helper of those who are in trouble  Use skills you have been trained for  Use common sense  Do your best to save a life or prevent further injury

2a. Obtaining Consent (COPY) - to give formal permission  Keep victim informed of your actions  Responsive: State name Level of experience Ask if you can help  Unresponsive Consent is implied Assume that victim would want help

2a. Obtaining Consent cont… (COPY)  Children Attempt parent/guardian consent Consent is implied if no parent/guardian present

3. Disease Transmission (COPY) Risk of Disease Transmission is Low  Barrier Devices: Face mask or shield, gloves, clothing  Wash Immediately after giving care with soap and water or other cleansing method  Avoid bodily fluids: Treat all bodily fluids as if they are infected Use ¼ c bleach + 1 gal water to clean spills

Breathing Devices  Face Mask  Face Shield  First Aid Kit  Wall Dispenser

Human Dimensions of Care-The First Responder  Stress  Fatigue  Difficulty Sleeping  Breathlessness  Weakness  Headache  Abdominal Pain  Anxiety  Depression  Talk to Others

PREVENTION of Injury / Accidents (COPY) -an action or actions taken to stop somebody from doing something or to stop something from happening  Precautions to prevent risk Bleeding Burns Poisoning Cold and heat related

Injury Prevention (COPY)  Basic Precautions Behave safely around hazards Follow safety guidelines Use safety equipment Protect yourself Injuries Are Not Accidents, And Are Therefore Predictable and Preventable

Burn Prevention (COPY)  Safety around chemicals  Safety around heat sources  Protection from ultraviolet radiation  Safety around electricity

Sunburn (COPY)  Prevention Avoid prolonged sun exposure Use sunscreen Wear hats and sunglasses  Prevent further damage Keep cool Avoid further exposure

Poison Prevention (COPY)  Keep household poisons labeled and out of reach of children  Wear appropriate clothing around poisonous plants or chemicals  Report abnormal odors  Do not abuse alcohol or drugs

Cold and Heat Related Prevention (COPY)  Body temperature must be regulated Remain hydrated Take frequent breaks Wear appropriate clothing

Special Populations (COPY)  Children  Older adults  Pregnant women  Disabled

Scenario #1 (Remember your Emergency Actions – 4 steps)  A sobbing child approaches you when you are on surveillance duty. She tells you she was just stung by 4 or 5 bees and her left arm really hurts.  Describe what steps you would take to help the young child and why you would take this actions.