1. Introduction – Before Giving Care If not you, then who?
First Aid
Introduction – Before Giving Care
If not you, then who?

2. Key Points The purpose of this course is to help participants:
Identify and eliminate potentially hazardous conditions in their environment
Recognize emergencies
Make appropriate decisions for first aid care
Teaches skills that participants need to know to give immediate care to a sudden ill or injured person until more advanced medical care arrives

3. Key Points
The requirements for successful course completion and certification are:
Attending and participating in all activities, skill sessions and skill scenarios
Correctly demonstrating all required skills
Correctly answering at least 80 percent of the questions in each session of the written exam

4. Key Points
All American Red Cross CPR course completion certificates are valid for 1 year
First Aid completion certificates are valid for 3 years.

5. Key Points Participant products for this course are:
Student Training Kits
Disposable gloves
Bandages
Gauze
Breathing barriers
Triangular bandages
Etc.

6. Recognizing and Responding to an Emergency
By recognizing an emergency and taking immediate action to help, you give a suddenly ill or injured person the best chance for survival.
Emergencies can often be recognized because of unusual sights, appearances, behaviors, odors, or noises.

7. Recognizing and Responding to an Emergency
What were some examples in the video of people using their senses to recognize the emergency situation?
Unusual sights
Blood
Smoke or fire
Broken items
People milling around

8. Recognizing and Responding to an Emergency
Unusual appearances or behaviors
A person who is noticeably uncomfortable
A person who is clutching his or her chest or throat
A person who is unconscious
A person who appears to be confused or drowsy for unknown reasons
A person who has trouble breathing

9. Recognizing and Responding to an Emergency
Unusual odors
The unusual odor of a person’s breath
Gasoline
Natural gas
Smoke
An unrecognizable smell

10. Recognizing and Responding to an Emergency
Unusual noises
Screaming
Sudden silence for infants and children
An explosion
Items falling
Glass breaking
Tires screeching
Metal crashing
Changes in machinery sounds (pitch, tone)

11. Overcoming Barriers to Act
There are many reasons why bystanders do not get involved in an emergency situation
It is normal to feel hesitant or unsure about what to do
What are some barriers to act and how can they be overcome?

12. Overcoming Barriers to Act
Reasons not to act –
The presence of other people may lead to one to assume that someone else will get involved
Uncertainty about the person’s condition
Type of injury or illness
Fear of catching a disease
Fear of doing something wrong
Fear of being sued
Being unsure of when to call 9-1-1

13. Overcoming Barriers to Act
What are some ways to overcome barriers to act?
Get trained in first aid, CPR, or AED
Training to develop the confidence to act, which enables you to take charge until more advanced help arrives
Avoiding contact with blood or body fluids by using protective barriers and following standard precautions
Be familiar with Good Samaritan laws and obtaining consent

14. Good Samaritan Laws and Obtaining Consent
All states have enacted Good Samaritan laws to protect people who voluntarily give emergency care, without accepting anything in return.
These laws, which differ state to state, may protect you from legal liability as long as you:
Act in good faith
Are not negligent
Act within the scope of your training

15. Good Samaritan Laws and Obtaining Consent
You should contact a legal professional or the local library to find out more about your state’s Good Samaritan laws.
You must obtain permission (consent) to help an ill or injured person.
If a person refuses care, at least call or the local emergency number.
A person who is unconscious, confused or seriously ill may not be able to grant consent. In such cases, consent is implied. Implied consent means that a person would agree to the care if he or she could.

16. Good Samaritan Laws and Obtaining Consent
If the person is a minor, get consent from a parent or guardian, if present; otherwise, consent is implied. Be sure to notify a parent or guardian as soon as possible.
Implied consent for a child in a life-threatening situation means that the parent or guardian would agree for care to be given.

17. Good Samaritan Laws and Obtaining Consent
To obtain consent:
State your name
Tell the person you are trained in first aid
Ask the person if you can help
Explain what you think may be wrong
Explain what you plan to do

18. Preventing Disease Transmission
What precautions could you take to protect yourself from disease transmission when giving care?
Avoid contact with
Blood
Body fluids
-Use protective equipment, such as:
*disposable gloves
*CPR breathing barriers
-Wash your hands immediately after care

19. Preventing Disease Transmission
Key Points
The risk of getting a disease while giving first aid is extremely low.
Taking precautions can reduce this risk even further. Whenever possible, you should –
Avoid contact with blood or body fluids
Avoid touching objects that may be soiled with blood or other body fluids
Place barriers between you and a person’s blood or other body fluids, such as: