1. First Aid and CPR

2. Leading Causes of Death (Ages 0 - 44)
Accidents
Cancer
Heart disease
Suicide
Homicide

3. EMS System Steps Recognize that an emergency exists Decide to Act
Activate the EMS system
Give Care until help arrives

4. Recognizing Emergencies
Unusual Noises
Scream, yell, moan, breaking glass, screeching tires
Unusual Sights
Stalled vehicle, broken glass, smoke or fire
Unusual odors
Smell or something burning
Unusual appearances or behaviors

5. Emergency Action Steps
Decide to Act
Reasons that hinder your decision
Presence of other people
Uncertainty that an emergency exists
Uncertainty about the victim
Type of injury or illness
Fear of catching the disease
Fear of doing something wrong
Fear of being sued
Unsure when to call 911

6. Protecting Yourself Good Samaritan Law Obtaining Consent
Preventing disease transmission
Avoid contact with….
Use protective equipment
Wash hands immediately

7. Good Samaritan Laws
Laws give legal protection to people who gratuitously provide emergency care to ill or injured persons
Only if person acts as a reasonable and prudent person would

8. Examples Move a person only if their life is in danger
Ask permission before giving care
Check for life-threatening conditions before giving further care
Call 9-1-1

9. You are not protected Abandoning a victim after starting care
Reckless responders
Taking unnecessary measures to give care
Negligent responders
Moving a person without cause

10. Emergency Action Steps
Check
The scene, then the victim
Call
9-1-1
Care

11. Taking Action

12. Check Is the scene safe? What happened? How many victims are there?
Can bystanders help?

13. Checking the Victim Unconsciousness
Persistent chest pain or discomfort
Not breathing, or having trouble breathing
No signs of circulation (normal breathing, coughing or movement in response to rescue breaths and a pulse)
Severe bleeding
Seizures

14. What to NOT Do Do not move a seriously injured victim
Unless there is an immediate danger
The victim has no circulation and you have to perform CPR

15. Call
This is often the most important action that is made to help the victim
Describe the victim’s condition thoroughly
Always hang up AFTER the dispatcher does
Whenever possible have the bystander call for you

16. When to call Call First…..
An unconscious adult or child 12yrs or older
An unconscious infant or child known to be at high risk for heart problems
More than likely cardiac emergencies (time factor is very critical)

17. When to call cont… Care First…
Victims are likely to be breathing, bleeding and other non-cardiac emergencies
When alone provide care for 1 min.
Unconscious victim less than 12 yrs old
Victim of submersion or near drowning
Victim of cardiac arrest assoc w/ trauma
Victim of drug overdose

18. Why is Timing so Important
0 min – breathing stops, heart will soon stop beating
4-6 min – brain damage possible
6-10 min brain damage likely
Over 10 min – irreversible brain damage certain

19. Situations of when to call 911
Victim becomes unconscious
Has trouble breathing
Chest discomfort, pain or pressure
Severe bleeding
Pain in abdomen
Vomiting or passing blood
Seizure that lasts more than 5 min

20. (when to call) cont… Has a seizure and is pregnant
Seizure and is diabetic
Severe headache or slurred speech
Appears to have been poisoned
Injuries to neck, head or back
Has possible broken bones

21. Moving the Victim Move victim only if… The scene becomes unsafe
You have to reach another victim who may have a more serious injury or illness
You need to move a victim to provide proper care

22. The Walking Assist

23. The two-person seat carry

24. Blanket Drag

25. Clothes Drag

26. Ankle Drag

27. Pack-Strap Drag