Chapter 1 Lecture Frederic Martini Michael Timmons Robert Tallitsch First Slide – Use this slide as the first slide for each chapter presentation. Frederic Martini Michael Timmons Robert Tallitsch

Syllabus CATALOG COURSE DESCRIPTION: A systems approach to the study of the structure of the human body from the microscopic level of organization to the gross level. Structure related to function from study of histological slides, photomicrographs, anatomical models and charts, and preserved mammalian (cat) dissection. Intended to meet the requirements of students in the fields of nursing, psychology, physical education and biology or those who wish to extend their knowledge of the human body beyond the scope of introductory biology. Transfer Credit: CSU; UC.

Syllabus 2 COURSE OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of Human Anatomy, the student will be able to: 1. Recognize and demonstrate adequate knowledge of the tissue makeup of the body's organs including the ability to identify microscopic slides of human and animal tissue. 2. Recognize and demonstrate adequate knowledge of the organ makeup of the body's organ systems including the ability to relate anatomy to the general function of the organ systems. 3. Recognize the positions and discuss the relationship of the organs and parts of his/her own body, a human cadaver, and a representative other mammal. 4. Demonstrate skills in dissection and recognize relationships of tissues, organs, and systems in an animal the student has dissected. 5. Use the titles of standard references of anatomy and the basic terminology of anatomy. Required Materials Human Anatomy by Frederic Martini 5th or 6th Edition Ed. Prentice Hall or any recent text Syllabus for Biology 230. Trubovitz (from Mira Mesa Copy Shop) Optional Materials: The Anatomy Coloring Book, by Elson and Kapit Color Atlas of Human Anatomy by R.M. McMinn and Hutchings Laboratory Manual for Human Anatomy with Cat dissections. by Marieb

Syllabus 3 Method of Instruction 4 hours of lecture and 12 hours of laboratory a week. Attendance Required. Four (4) unexcused absences may cause a drop from the class. Note: You are responsible for processing your own drop. Special Notes for Anatomy: More than other introductory biological sciences, the study of anatomy requires even the beginning student to spend time studying. This course has a great deal of material to memorize and understand. There are no short cuts for this course; it takes your effort to be successful. This course in Anatomy is challenging. If you need to get an A or B grade – you must make sure you earn it. Grading is not based on your career goals, but on class and exam performance. If you are not able to get the grade of your desire investigate other alternative professional tracts as well. Laboratory Working in this laboratory requires your participation. You need to look for, and study the required models and slides yourself. You may draw or photograph models if desired. You have to put in the effort. You must put items where they belong when done with them. If you do not, the lab will become a mess and no one will be able to find things.

Syllabus 4 NO MAKEUPS! without prior arrangement. A missed exam is counted as a 0. All makeups tests are penalized 10% of the amount possible. I can be notified by calling 619-388-7495 or by email. How to contact Instructor: Office: S5-101a email: dtrubovi@sdccd.edu Office Phone: 619-388-7495 web site http://faculty.sdmiramar.edu/dtrubovitz/anatomy

Syllabus 5 Time Management Estimate (summer) Grading Lecture Exams (4) @100 points each = 400 points Laboratory Exams (5)@100 points each = 500 points Final Exams = 200 points Total Semester = 1100 points Lecture exams are inclusive of lecture material and some corresponding laboratory material. Laboratory exams are identification from diagrams, models and microscopes slides. Use notes and text for lecture exams. Use laboratory text for lab exams. Grades for each exam are based on your percentage correct. Grade Percentage(%) Points A 90 - 100% 990 - 1100 B 80 - 89% 880 - 989 C 70 - 79% 770 - 879 D 60 - 69% 660 - 769 F < 60% < 660 Time Management Estimate (summer) Class Time 4 X 4= 16 / wk study Time 3 X 16 = 48 sleeping 8 X 7 = 56 meals + shopping 4 X 7 = 28 commuting 1 X 4 = 4 personal hygiene (minimum) 1 X 7 = 07 total = 159 Spare = 9 / week (168) OR 1 hour 17 minutes / day

Nursing student letter To Anatomy Students. Please find listed some principals and strategies that I used to pass this class, and which I hope will be of some benefit to you. 1. Write your notes from class over, when you get home; Use them as a study guide. 2. Try to team up with a classmate, if possible, arrange time to study with them. Some techniques you may want to try are: (a) Write mock tests for each other with correct answers and test each other. (b) If you can respond verbally or in writing correctly then you are assured you know the material and it will ease your stress level. 3. Finish all the required reading and do the quiz at the end of each chapter. use the lab books as a study guide. Answer all the questions and check them against the teacher guide. 4. If you are having trouble - take advantage the student tutors, they are knowledgeable, understanding and supportive. 5. A very important issue is that you must be willing to commit yourself in making appropriate decisions in the following areas: (a) Discipline: You must be able to start learning how to prioritize your time and your outside responsibilities. By learning how to successfully manage your time you will be also learning how to set and meet goals and complete obligations. These concepts will be of unlimited use to you as a nursing student. 6. Prepare for your tests 2 weeks before. Study 2 - 3 hours a day. 7. Unfortunately, there are no short cuts to this class - however if you do the very best that you can you will be successful and will have no regrets. Sincerely, Student, Nursing I

Subcategories of anatomy: Introduction Anatomy defined: Latin: to take apart Modern: the study of structures, morphology Physiology defined: Functions of the body Subcategories of anatomy: Gross - systematic - regional Surface - embryology - pathological Microscopic Histology and Cytology This is a sample first topic page.

Microscopic anatomy is limited by the equipment used. Microscopic anatomy is defined as structures that can not be seen without magnification. Microscopic anatomy is limited by the equipment used. Light microscope Electron microscope Cytology Histology Use this slide as the template for including an image.

Figure 1.1 The Study of Anatomy at Different Scales Microscopic Anatomy Figure 1.1 The Study of Anatomy at Different Scales

Gross Anatomy Gross anatomy (macroscopic anatomy) is the study of structures visible to the unaided eye. Surface anatomy refers to the general form, or morphology, and superficial anatomical markings. Regional anatomy considers all structures in a specific area of the body, whether they are superficial or deep. Systemic anatomy is the study of anatomy one organ system at a time. This is a sample first topic page.

Other Perspectives on Anatomy Embryology: first two months of development Comparative anatomy: considers different types of animals Medical anatomy (pathological): anatomical changes during disease This is a sample first topic page.

Levels of Organization Atoms to organisms PLAY Levels of Organization Use this slide as a template for inserting a movie.

Levels of Organization Atoms Molecules Cells are the smallest living units of the levels of organization. Tissues are many cells and some surrounding material. Organs are combinations of tissues. Organs combine to form organ systems. Organ systems The human is composed of 11 organ systems. Use this slide as the template for including an image.

Levels of Organization Use this slide as the template for including an image. Figure 1.4 Levels of Organization

An Introduction to Organ Systems Characteristics of Life Responsiveness (irritability): change activity based upon a stimulus Adaptability: long-term responsiveness Growth: the increase in size of an organism Differentiation: becoming specialized in function Reproduction: the production of new generations of the same organism Movement: the ability to change the position of something. This is a sample first topic page.

An Introduction to Organ Systems Metabolism is all of the chemical reactions in the body. Anabolism: bonding chemicals together Catabolism: breaking of bonds Absorption is the process of bringing chemicals into the body. Respiration is the absorption, transport, and use of oxygen by cells. Excretion is the removal of wastes. Digestion is the processes of catabolism that makes nutrients small enough to be absorbed. Homeostasis - This is a sample first topic page.

Body Systems NIRMCRUDLES Protection from environmental hazards; temperature control Support, protection of soft tissues; mineral storage; blood formation Locomotion, support, heat production Directing immediate responses to stimuli, usually by coordinating the activities of other organ systems Directing long-term changes in the activities of other organ Internal transport of cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes, and gases Defense against infection and disease Delivery of air to sites where gas exchange can occur between the air and circulating blood Processing of food and absorption of organic nutrients, minerals, vitamins, and water Elimination of excess water, salts, and waste products; control of pH Production of sex cells and hormones Organ System Major Functions Integumentary system Skeletal Muscular Nervous Endocrine Cardiovascular Lymphatic Respiratory Digestive Urinary Reproductive NIRMCRUDLES Know names, major components and basic functions

Figure 1.6d The Organ Systems of the Body The Nervous System This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.6d The Organ Systems of the Body

Body Systems NIRMCRUDLES Know names, major components and basic functions

The Integumentary System This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.6a The Organ Systems of the Body

Body Systems NIRMCRUDLES Know names, major components and basic functions

The Respiratory System This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.6h The Organ Systems of the Body

Body Systems NIRMCRUDLES Know names, major components and basic functions

Figure 1.6c The Organ Systems of the Body The Muscular System This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.6c The Organ Systems of the Body

Body Systems NIRMCRUDLES Know names, major components and basic functions

The Cardiovascular System This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.6f The Organ Systems of the Body

Body Systems NIRMCRUDLES Know names, major components and basic functions

The Male Reproductive System This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.6k The Organ Systems of the Body

The Female Reproductive System This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.6l The Organ Systems of the Body

Body Systems NIRMCRUDLES Know names, major components and basic functions

The Excretory or Urinary System This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.6j The Organ Systems of the Body

Body Systems NIRMCRUDLES Know names, major components and basic functions

Figure 1.6i The Organ Systems of the Body The Digestive System This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.6i The Organ Systems of the Body

Body Systems NIRMCRUDLES Know names, major components and basic functions

Figure 1.6g The Organ Systems of the Body The Lymphatic System This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.6g The Organ Systems of the Body

Body Systems NIRMCRUDLES Know names, major components and basic functions

Figure 1.6e The Organ Systems of the Body The Endocrine System This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.6e The Organ Systems of the Body

Body Systems NIRMCRUDLES Know names, major components and basic functions

Figure 1.6b The Organ Systems of the Body The Skeletal System This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.6b The Organ Systems of the Body

This movie reviews the 11 organ systems. PLAY Organ Systems Use this slide as a template for inserting a movie.

The Language of Anatomy Superficial anatomy: anatomical landmarks and correct directional terms help in understanding the underlying structures. Anatomical landmarks: Anatomical position: standing upright, arms at sides, palms facing forward (little fingers by the thigh), feet flat on the floor, face straight ahead Supine: lying down with the face up Prone: lying down with the face down Gabriel Fallopius This is a sample first topic page. Henry Gray

Anatomical Directions This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.10 Directional References

Figure 1.11 Planes of Section Sectional Anatomy This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.11 Planes of Section

Serial reconstruction was used to make this CT scan. Sectional Anatomy Serial reconstruction was used to make this CT scan. This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.16a,b Scanning Techniques

Anatomical Regions and Surface Anatomy This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.8 Anatomical Landmarks

Abdominopelvic Quadrants and Regions This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.9a Abdominopelvic Quadrants Figure 1.9b Abdominopelvic Regions

Body Cavities Ventral and Dorsal Dorsal Ventral . Spinal and Cranial Organs of the respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems are housed in the ventral body cavity. The diaphragm separates the ventral body cavity. The ventral body cavity is protected and lubricated by a two-layer membrane system called serous membranes Thoracic Pleural Pericardial Mediastinum Abdominal / Pelvic . This is a sample first topic page.

Figure 1.14a,c Body Cavities Pleural cavity Pericardial Diaphragm Abdominal Pelvic Spinal cord Right lung Left Mediastinum Heart in pericardial Sternum Pleura This is a sample first topic page. Figure 1.14a,c Body Cavities

Serous Membranes Serous membranes line body cavities and organs Parietal - on body wall Visceral - on organ Pericardium - pericardial cavity Pleura - Pleural cavity Peritoneum - Peritoneal cavity Mesentery Omenteum (greater and lesser

Figure 1.13 The Ventral Body Cavity Body Cavities This is a sample first topic page. [Insert fig 1.13] Figure 1.13 The Ventral Body Cavity