Introduction and Survey of the Human body Anatomy history – how we got here How we study the human body today Anatomical position and directions Up? Down?

A few questions before we begin Who were the first anatomists? When was radiography invented? How did it change medicine? Is malleus the same as malleolus? Where is an inguinal hernia? What is homeostasis?

Hippocrates (460 – 380 BC) Aristotle ( BC) Herophilus ( BC) Galen ( AD) The Dark Ages ( AD)

Michelangelo’s David

Leonardo Da Vinci ( ) Middle Ages and Renaissance

Andreas Vesalius ( )

How to study the human body Inspection Palpation Auscultation Percussion Exploratory surgery Medical imaging Dissection

Radiography What’s black? radiolucent allows passage of x-rays does not absorb x-rays What’s white? radio-opaque radiodense not transparent to x rays absorbs x-rays

Barium sulfate swallow

MRI PET scan ultrasound

Inspection/Palpation Auscultation/Percussion Exploratory surgery Medical imaging –X ray –MRI Olivia twisted her knee playing soccer. She has pain in her popliteal region and edema around her knee. She can’t put any weight on it.

Anatomical position

Radius Ulna Prone Supine

Body Regions

Anatomical Directions Superficial – deep Superior – inferior Cranial – caudal Ventral – dorsal Anterior – posterior Medial – lateral Proximal – distal (closer or farther from the point of attachment or origin)

The skull is ____________ to the brain. The sternum is ___________ and the spine is ___________. The nose is ___________ to the mouth. The thumb is ___________ to the pinky. The toes are proximal to the knee. True or false? Superficial – deep Superior – inferior Cranial – caudal Ventral – dorsal Anterior – posterior Medial – lateral Proximal – distal Assume anatomical position

What to do tonight! Hand in index cards – on front table Read course syllabus (questions tomorrow) Do readings for today and Wednesday Check out course website: Outside source? User name = webuser Password = resubew

Course guide – questions? All handouts and lecture slides available on website review sessions on Wednesday nights 7-8pm T-435 HSB pre-class survey on Catalyst closes on Friday at 5pm 20 questions, 20 minutes 5 points for submitting don’t open it until you are ready to take it!! no make ups!!!!!! Today

Survey of the Human body continued.. Anatomical directions - review Body cavities Symptoms, signs & disease

1.What type of image is this? 2.What region of the body is this? 3.AP or lateral view?

4. Proximal or distal to the foot? 3. The lips are _____ to the nose? A 5. Is this artery proximal or distal to artery “A”?

Fig. Atlas A.3

Body Cavities Dorsal body cavity cranial cavity vertebral cavity Ventral body cavity thoracic cavity abdominal cavity pelvic cavity

Fig. Atlas A.8b(TE Art) Parietal pericardium Pericardial cavity Visceral pericardium Heart Diaphragm Serous membrane around the heart Visceral = organ Pariet = wall Cardi = heart Peri = around

Parietal pleura Pleural cavity Visceral pleura Lung Diaphragm Serous membrane around the lungs Pleur = rib, side

Pleural cavity – visceral & parietal pleura Pericardial cavity

Anatomical position Body directions Planes and sections Body cavities

Appendicitis case 21 year old male Healthy Pain in umbilical region Sudden onset Spreads to lower right quadrant fever Symptoms? Signs? Homeostasis? Danger of appendicitis?