1. Anatomy- Quiz 1
Dr. Brasington

2. Anatomical Position

7. Term Definition Example
Superior
Toward the head end of upper part of body.
The heart is superior to the pelvis.
Inferior
Away from the head end and toward the lower part of the body.
The chest is inferior to the head.
Anterior (ventral)
Toward the front or belly side.
The nose is on the anterior side of the head.
Posterior (dorsal)
Toward the back.
The spinal cord extends down the posterior side of the body.
Medial
Toward the midline.
The sternum is medial to the ribs.
Lateral
Away from the midline.
The ears are lateral to the nose.
Superficial
Toward the surface of the body.
The skin is superficial to the visceral organs.
Deep
Away from the surface of the body.
The heart lies deep to the sternum.
Proximal
Toward a structure’s origin or point of attachment to the trunk.
The shoulder is proximal to the elbow.
Distal
Away from a structure’s origin or point of attachment to the trunk.
The wrist is distal to the shoulder.

8. Planes of Reference Coronal Plane (Frontal Plane)
Divides body into anterior and posterior portions
Sagittal Plane
Divides body into left and right portions
Midsagittal Plane
Parasagittal Plane
Transverse Plane (Cross-sectional Plane)
Divides the body into superior and inferior portions
(Frontal Plane)
(Cross-sectional Plane)

9. Cranial
Facial
Cervical
Axillary
Brachial
Thoracic
Antecubital
Lumbar
Umbilical
Antebrachial
Sacral
Inguinal
Gluteal
Palmer
Pubic
Femoral
Patellar
Popliteal
Plantar
Calcaneal

10. REGION: PERTAINING TO THE:
Facial
Face
Pubic
Gential Region
Cranial
Cranium
Inguinal
Groin
Cervical
Neck
Lumbar
Lower Back
Thoracic
Chest (Thorax)
Gluteal
Buttock
Axillary
Armpit (Axilla)
Popliteal
Posterior Knee (Popliteal Fossa)
Brachial
Arm (Brachium)
Patellar
Anterior Knee
Antecubital
Anterior Elbow (Cubital Fossa)
Plantar
Sole of the Foot
Antebrachial
Forearm (Antebrachium)
Sacral
Tailbone
Palmer
Palm of the Hand
Femoral
Thigh
Umbilical
Naval (Umbilicus)
Calcaneal
Heel

11. Body Cavities

12. Body Cavities Dorsal Cavity Ventral Cavity Cranial Cavity: Brain
Vertebral Cavity: Spinal Cord
Ventral Cavity
Thoracic Cavity
Mediastinum: Esophagus, thymus, heart, trachea
Pleural Cavity: Lungs
Pericardial Cavity: Heart
Abdominopelvic Cavity
Abdominal Cavity: Liver, spleen, stomach, small intestines, large intestines
Pelvic Cavity: Bladder, internal genitalia (ovary and testes)
Retroperitoneal: Kidney, pancreas
Diaphragm: skeletal muscle between the Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Cavities
Nervous Cardiovascular Respiratory Digestive Urinary Reproductive
System System System System System System
Brain Heart Trachea Esophagus Kidney Ovary
Spinal Cord Lungs Stomach Bladder Testes
S. Intestine
L. Intestine
Liver
Pancreas

13. Serous Membranes of the Ventral Cavity
Serous Membranes: line the inside walls of the ventral cavities and cover the organs of the ventral cavities
Parietal Layer: outer layer that attaches to the cavity wall
Visceral Layer: inner layer that adheres to an inner organ
***A small space that contains serous fluid separates the 2 layers
Parietal Pleura: outer serous membrane of the lung Visceral Pleura: inner serous membrane attached to the lung
Parietal Pericardium: outer serous membrane of the heart
Visceral Pericardium: inner serous membrane attached to the heart
Parietal Peritoneum: outer serous membrane of the abdominal organs
Visceral Peritoneum: inner serous membrane of the abdominal organs

14. Abdominopelvic Divisions

15. Organ Systems

16. The End