CHAPTER 3 CELLS. CELL BIOLOGY SIZE – 7.5-500 MICROMETERS SHAPE – DEPENDS ON? EUKARYOTIC/PROKARYOTIC ?

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Presentation transcript:

CHAPTER 3 CELLS

CELL BIOLOGY SIZE – MICROMETERS SHAPE – DEPENDS ON? EUKARYOTIC/PROKARYOTIC ?

COMPOSITE CELL

CELL MEMBRANE model974.net FLUID MOSAIC MODEL

RECEPTOR PROTEINS

INTEGRAL PROTEIN users.rcn.com

ENZYMES

CELL ADHESION MOLECULES bioweb.wku.edu

CELL SURFACE PROTEINS

RIBOSOME

ER

VESSICLES

GOLGI APPARATUS

Mitochondria

Lysosomes

Peroxisomes

Centrosome/Centriole

Microfilaments/Microtubules

Cell Nucleus

Chromatin

Cell Transport IMPORTANCE? TYPES DIFFERENCE?

Diffusion

Diffusion

Osmosis

Osmosis

Filtration Passive: can be due to force of gravity alone

Endocytosis Coming into the cell Pinocytosis Phagocytosis

Endocytosis

Pinocytosis

Phagocytosis

Receptor Mediated Endocytosis

Exocytosis

Transcytosis

Cell Cycle Interphase Mitosis- PMAT Cytoplasmic division Differentiation

Interphase /fetology/genetics/

Mitosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

Cytoplasmic Division #

CELL DIVISION CONTROL VARIES BY ? ~50 X TELOMERES STRESS CAN SHORTEN LIFESPAN KINASES AND CYCLINS CELL SIZE ? EXTERNAL CONTROLS: HORMONES, GROWTH FACTORS SPACE – CONTACT INHIBITION

INFREQUENT MITOSIS = TOO FRQUENT – TUMOR BENIGN MALIGNANT: METASTISIZE ONCOGENES TUMOR SUPRESSOR GENES

STEM CELLS DIFFERENTIATION STEM CELL-> STEM CELL OR PROGENITOR CELL PROGENITOR CELL: TOTIPOTENT STEM CELL PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL MOST ORGANS HAVE PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS OR PROGENITOR CELLS HOW DO CELLS IN BODY DIFFER?

CELL DEATH APOPTOSIS PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH EMBRYO DEATH RECEPTOR RELEASES ENZYMES: CASPASES – DESTROY DNA REPLICATION ANDS REPAIR ENZYMES – ACTIVATE ENZYMES THAT SNIP UP DNA – DISSOLVE CYTOSKELETON – DESTROY MITOCHONDRIA ? – SEPARATE CELLS – MEMBRANE TRIGGERS TO ATTRACT PHAGOCYTES

APOPTOSIS CELL HAS CIRCULAR SHAPE; BULGES: BLEBS; NUCLEUS SHATTERS; CELL SHATTERS; CELL FRAGMENTS ENCAPSULATE SO NO INFLAMMATION; GONE

Necrosis

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